ANAT2020 m.m of capital and hyoid region

which structures make up the parts of the hyoid bone

greater and lesser horns and body

What bone creates a strong cage with ribs to protect organs

sternum

SCM divides the neck into

anterior and posterior triangles

Superficial neck muscles include

platysma, SCM, trapezius, subclavius

Primary innervation of superficial neck muscles

cranial and local spinal nerves

Primary blood supply to superficial neck muscles

carotid arteries, jugular veins

What muscle attaches to the inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face

platysma

What muscle inserts into fascia of pec major and deltoid

platysma

Primary actions of platysma

draws corners of mouth inferiorly, widens mouth, draws neck skin superiorly

platysma expresses

sadness, fright

most superficial neck muscle

platysma

muscle dividing anterior / posterior neck triangles

SCM

The trapezius muscle is classified as

superficial back, posterior axio-appendicular, cervical muscle

upper trapezius superior attachments include

medial third of superior nuchal line, inion, nuchal ligament, SP C7/T1

upper trapezius lateral attachments

lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

upper trapezius unilateral neck action

ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation, extension

SCM originates from

mastoid process & lateral superior nuchal line

SCM inserts into

manubrium and medial third of clavicle

SCM unilateral action on the c-spine

ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation

SCM bilateral action

extension at AO, flexion, chin thrust

SCM assists breathing by

elevating manubrium and clavicle

upper trapezius acts on scapula to

elevate, retract, upwardly rotate

Primary innervation of deep neck structures

local spinal nerves

Primary blood supply of deep structures

carotid arteries and jugular veins

longus colli attachments include

ant tubercle C1, bodies C1-3, TVPs C3-6 → bodies C5-T3 & TVPs C3-5

Primary action of longus colli

cervical torsion

Primary action of longus capitis

capital flexion

Primary action of rectus capitis anterior

cervical flexion

Actions of anterior scalene

ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation, flexion, accessory respiration

longus capitis attaches from

basilar occiput → ant tubercles C3-6

rectus capitis anterior attaches from

base of cranium → anterior lateral mass C1

anterior scalene attaches from

TVPs C3-6 → 1st rib

“SCM’s little sister” refers to:

anterior scalene

Actions of rectus capitis lateralis

flexes and stabilizes head

Actions of middle scalene

ipsilateral side bend, elevates 1st rib

Actions of posterior scalene

ipsilateral side bend, elevates 2nd rib

What m.m goes from jugular process - TVP C1

rectus capitis lateralis

What m.m travels from post tubercles of TVPs C2-7 to 1st rib behind subclavian artery

middle scalene

What m.m travels from post tubercles of TVPs C4-6 to 2nd rib

posterior scalene

What m.m travels post tubercles of TVPs C1-4 to medial border of scapula superior to root of spine

levator scapulae

what structure passes between anterior and middle scalenes

subclavian artery

What is often referred to as “levator scapula’s little sister”

posterior scalene

primary cervical actions of levator scapulae

extension, ipsilateral side bend and ipsilateral rotation

Splenius capitis acts primarily at what region

capital

Splenius cervicis originates in the thoracic region and primarily moves which region

cervical spine

What muscle attaches from SPs C3-T3 to mastoid and lateral third of superior nuchal line

splenius capitis

What m.m attaches from SPs T3-T6 to tubercles of TVPs of C1-4

splenius cervicis

Shared action of splenius cervicis and capitis

ipsilateral rotation and side bending, bilateral extension

What muscle attaches from SPs of C2 to lateral part of inferior nuchal line

rectus capitis posterior major

What muscle attaches from post tubercle of post arch of C1 to medial part of inf nuchal line

rectus capitis posterior minor

What m.m attaches from SPs of C2 to TVPs of C1

obliquus capitis inferior

What m.m attaches from TVPs of C1 to occipital bone between sup and inf nuchal lines

obliquus capitis superior

Primary action of rectus capitis posterior major

capital extension

Primary action of rectus capitis posterior minor

capital extension

Primary action of obliquus capitis inferior

capital rotation and extension

Primary action of obliquus capitis superior

capital extension and ipsilateral lateral flexion

What group of muscles forms the floor of the mouth

suprahyoids

What is the general function of all suprahyoid muscles

elevate the hyoid for swallowing and tone production

Which suprahyoid muscle forms the majority of the muscular floor of the mouth

mylohyoid

the stylohyoid muscle is pierced by which structure

digastric

What are the two bellies of digastric muscle

anterior and posterior

the suprahyoid muscles includes

mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric

Main action of mylohyoid

elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue

What m.m travels from inferior mental spine of mandible to the body of hyoid

geniohyoid

What m.m travels from styloid process - body of hyoid

stylohyoid

Primary action of geniohyoid

pulls hyoid anterosuperior, shortens floor of mouth, widens pharynx

Primary action of stylohyoid

elevates and retracts hyoid, elongating floor of mouth

What m.m travels from digastric fossa and mastoid notch - body and greater horn of hyoid

digastric

What is the primary action of digastric m.m

depresses mandible against resistance; elevates and steadies hyoid during swallowing and speaking

What m.m travels from manubrium and medial end of clavicle - body of hyoid

sternohyoid

What m.m travels from superior border of scap near suprascapular notch - inferior border of hyoid

omohyoid

What m.m travels from posterior surface of manubrium - oblique line of thyroid cartilage

sternothyroid

What m.m travels from oblique line of thyroid cartilage - inf border of body and greater horn of hyoid

thyrohyoid

What is the primary action of sternohyoid

depresses hyoid after elevation during swallowing

Primary action of omohyoid

depresses, retracts, steadies hyoid

Primary action of sternothyroid

depresses hyoid and larynx

Primary action of thyrohyoid

depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

What is the general function of the infrahyoid group

depress hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speed

Superficial layer of infrahyoid consists of

sternohyoid, omohyoid

Deep layer of infrahyoid consists of

sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

Main neurovasculature in anterior neck region

spinal nerves, brachial plexus, subclavian and axillary arteries & veins

What structures form the posterior triangle of the neck

SCM, traps, clavicle