IPC chapter 3

perception

the mental processing of sensory information when the brain interprets a sensation

selecting

focusing your attention on a particular stimulus using one or more senses

selective attention

the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input

organizing

arranging sensory input in a meaningful way

schemas

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

script

the sequence of behaviors you associate with an event or experience

interpreting

assigning meaning to what we have heard

selective perception

The phenomenon that people often pay the most attention to things they already agree with and interpret them according to their own predispositions.

storing

sorting sensory info-putting some into memory and discarding the rest

recalling

remembering information after you've received, attended to, understood, and responded to it

selective memory

remembering what you want to remember

memory reconstruction

piecing memory together from a few highlights, using info that may or may not be accurate

attribution

an inference about the cause of a person's behavior

confirmation bias

a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions

stereotype

a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people

self-concept

a sense of one's identity and personal worth

intrapersonal communication

communication with oneself

social comparison

evaluating one's opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others

self-esteem

one's feelings of high or low self-worth

self-confidence

belief in your worth and abilities as a person

self-fulfilling prophecy

a belief that leads to its own fulfillment

communication apprehension

anxiety or fear about communicating with others

public face

how you want to appear to others

impression management

the attempt by people to get others to see them as they want to be seen

saving face

the effort you make to protect/repair your public face

fundamental attribution error

tendency to attribute others' behavior to their dispositions and our own behaviors to our situations

self-serving bias

a readiness to perceive oneself favorably

perception checking

asking questions in order to see if your interpretation is correct

two-step verification method

a technique in which you vocalize what you are sensing using an observational I-statement followed by a question for classification

personality

the stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity