Chemical Formulae, equations and calculations ( Chemistry )
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17 Terms
What is the law of conservation of mass ?
Total mass of reactants = total mass of products ( atoms cannot be created or destroyed )
What volume does one mole of any gas occupy at room temperature and pressure?
24 dm3
24 000 cm3
What are the 2 common units for concentration?
g dm-3
mol dm-3
g dm-3 to mol dm-3, divide the concentration in g dm-3 by the molar mass
Avogadro’s Law states that ?
equal amounts of gases occupy the same volume of space at the same temperature and pressure
A balanced chemical equation has ?
the same number of atoms of each element on both side
Mr ?
Mr is the symbol for the relative formula mass and it refers to the total mass of the substance ( add up the relative atomic masses of all the atoms present in the formula )
what are spectator ions
Spectator ions are ions which appear on both sides of an ionic equation and are eliminated from the final equation
% of mass of an element
( total Ar of element / total Mr of element ) x 100
molar mass is ?
mass of one mole of a substance
what is the difference between relative molecular mass and relative formula mass
relative molecular mass only applies to covalent compounds.
Relative formula mass applies to all compounds.
moles = mass / molar mass ( true or false ? )
true
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl
What is the molar ratio of chlorine to sodium chloride ?
1 : 2
percentage yield = ( actual yield / theoretical yield ) x 100
Actual yield is the recorded amount of product obtained from a chemical reaction
what does molecular formula show ?
shows the number and type of each atom in a molecule
what is the empirical formula ?
Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in one molecule or formula unit
To calculate the molecular formula from the empirical formula
Calculate the relative formula mass of the empirical formula.
Divide the relative formula mass of the compound by the mass of the empirical formula.
Multiply each number of elements by this number to find the molecular formula.
Moles = concentration x volume