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What is a smart material
A material whose physical properties change in response to an external stimuli
What are 4 stimuli smart materials change in response to
-Light
-Temperature
-Pressure
-Moisture
What does SMA stand for
Smart memory alloy
What do smart memory alloys do
They can return to an original shape once heat is applied
What are three uses of SMA’s
-Dental braces
-Heart surgery
-’Memoflex’ glass
Why is SMA used in dental braces
They are designed to change at body temperature so when they are placed in the mouth they remain at a constant temperature
Why is SMA used in heart surgery
They use SMA tubes that are designed to expand at 37 centigrade so they can insert them into the artery and then the ambient temperature will make them expand
Why is SMA used in ‘memoflex’ glass
Use SMA frames so if the frames bent out of shape they will return to their original shape at room temperature.
What do thermochromic inks do
They are liquid crystals that when heated change colour
What are two uses of thermochromic inks
-Thermometers
-Batteries
Why is thermochromic ink used in thermometers
Babies find thermometers invasive n=and this technology allows thermometers to be created that can just be placed on the forehead and display a different colour if the baby has a fever
Why is thermochromic ink used in batteries
If there is enough energy in the battery for use the strip is heated up changing colour to let the user know
What do hydrochromic inks do
They change colour in response to moisture
List two uses of hydrochromic ink
-Marketing materials
-On umbrella
What do phosphorescent pigments do
They absorb large amounts of light energy and then remit the light for a large amount of time (glow in the dark)
What is a use of phosphorescent pigment
In emergency exit signs
Why is phosphorescent pigment used in emergency exit signs
They are not reliant on electricity to glow so if the power goes out in an emergency people can still safely evacuate
What does photochromic pigment do
Changes colour due to light intensity
What are two uses of photochromic pigment
-Sunglasses
-Security ink
Why is photochromic pigment used in sunglasses
They darken in response to light which protects the eye
Why is photochromic pigment used in security ink
The ink will not appear under normal light, just UV making forging important documents harder
What does electroluminescent wire do
Glows in response to a current