Diseases and Disorders Flashcards

1. Abscess

A localized collection of pus in the tissue, often due to infection.

2. Acromegaly

A hormonal disorder that results from excess growth hormone, causing enlargement of bones and tissues.

3. Addison Disease

A disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones, leading to fatigue, weight loss, and low blood pressure.

4. Adenoma

A benign tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue.

5. Adrenalitis

Inflammation of the adrenal glands, which can affect hormone production.

6. Alzheimer Disease (AD)

A progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes memory loss and cognitive decline.

7. Anxiety Disorder

A mental health disorder characterized by excessive worry, fear, or nervousness.

8. Asthma

A chronic respiratory condition that causes wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing due to airway inflammation.

9. Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

A type of skin cancer that arises from basal cells, usually caused by sun exposure.

10. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

An enlargement of the prostate gland that can lead to urinary difficulties in men.

11. Bipolar Disorder

A mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania) and lows (depression).

12. Bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which can cause coughing and difficulty breathing.

13. Cellulitis

A bacterial skin infection characterized by redness, swelling, and pain in the affected area.

14. Cerebral Thrombosis

A condition where a blood clot forms in a blood vessel in the brain, potentially leading to a stroke.

15. Cervicitis

Inflammation of the cervix, often caused by infection.

16. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

A gradual loss of kidney function over time, which can lead to kidney failure.

17. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe, often caused by smoking.

18. Concussion

A type of traumatic brain injury caused by a blow to the head, resulting in temporary loss of function.

19. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

An infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, leading to respiratory illness.

20. Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder, often due to a urinary tract infection.

21. Cystocele

A condition where the bladder bulges into the vagina due to weakening of the pelvic muscles.

22. Cystolithiasis

The formation of stones in the bladder.

23. Dementia

A general term for a decline in cognitive function severe enough to interfere with daily life.

24. Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin, often causing redness, itching, and rashes.

25. Dermatopathy

A disease of the skin, often referring to any skin disorder.

26. Depression

A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.

27. Eczema

A condition that makes the skin red, inflamed, and itchy.

28. Emphysema

A type of COPD that involves damage to the alveoli in the lungs, leading to breathing difficulties.

29. Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain, often due to infection.

30. Encephalopathy

A broad term for any brain disease that alters brain function or structure.

31. Endometriosis

A condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and other symptoms.

32. Endometritis

Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus, often due to infection.

33. Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

The inability to get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.

34. Goiter

An enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can cause neck swelling and potential hormone imbalances.

35. Graves Disease

An autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).

36. Hemiplegia

Paralysis of one side of the body, often resulting from a stroke.

37. Herpes

A viral infection that causes sores on the mouth or genital area.

38. Hydronephrosis

Swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine, often caused by obstruction.

39. Hydrocephalus

A condition characterized by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain.

40. Hyperthyroidism

An overproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to increased metabolism and energy.

41. Hypothyroidism

An underproduction of thyroid hormones, leading to decreased metabolism and energy.

42. Hysterorrhexis

Rupture of the uterus, often a serious complication during pregnancy.

43. Impetigo

A highly contagious skin infection, often seen in children, characterized by red sores.

44. Influenza (Flu)

A viral infection that affects the respiratory system and can cause fever, chills, and body aches.