CompTIA A+ 1101 IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 Addresses

- the primary protocol for everything that we do

- included in almost all configurations

- OSI layer 3 address

- 32 bits, or 4 bytes

- the maximum decimal value for each byte is 255

- example: 192.168.1.131

IPv6 Addresses

- now part of all major operating systems

- the backbone of our internet infrastructure

- has a 128-bit address

- many more possible addresses versus IPv4

- hexadecimal format (long, we refer to these addresses by DNS and name)

IPv4 Configuration Parameters

- unique IP address

- subnet mask

- default gateway

Subnet Mask

- used by the local device to determine what subnet it's on

- masks out the IP address, leaving only the host address at the end

- for example, 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway

- the IP address of a router that allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet

- must be an IP address on the local subnet

- for example, 192.168.1.1