Biology Molecules: Protein and Nucleic Acid

elements of Protein

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (some have Sulfur)

Biological Functions: 

 Examples: 

1.    Catalyze chemical reactions (enzymes)

2.    Structural support

3.    Transport molecules in cell

4.    Protective molecules of cell

 

Examples of proteins

Enzymes, Collagen, Keratin, Hemoglobin (blood), Antibodies

the most diverse group of molecules are

proteins because they have many structure

what influences the function of proteins

the structure of proteins

what are the building blocks of proteins

amnio acids

how many types of amnio acids are there

20

Different sequencing of amino acids results in

different proteins being made.

what is the main function of proteins

 to build structure and carry out all metabolisms.

different types of protein purpose 

Structural, function in transport, function in movement, defence and regulation of cell function

what is example of structural protein

hair and nails

what is the protein that functions in transport

hemoglobin

what is the protein that functions in movement

muscle fibres, cytoskeletal elements

what is the protein in defense

antibodies

what is the protein for regulation of cell function

hormones and enzymes

monomer of proteins

amnio acids

how many of the 20 amnio acids are made in the body

12 of them

polymer of protein

protein/polypeptide chain

how are polypeptide chains formed

by peptide/covalnet bonds

main elements of protiens

C,H,O,N

proteins control the rate

of reaction by enzymes

proteins regulate

cell processes

proteins form

bones and muscles

proteins transport susbtances

into cells

proteins help to fight

diseases

examples of proteins

insulin, keratin, enzymes, melanin, amylase, lactase, pepsin, hemoglobin

insluin

breaks down suagr in the blood

keratin

hair and nails

melanin

skin/hair color

enzymes

speed up checical reactions

amylase

in saliva

lactase

breaks down lactose in milk

pepsin

in the stomach

hemoglobin

allows RBC to carry oxygen

enzymes are

everywhere and diverse

nucleic acid elements

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus 

biological function

1    Store genetic information

2.    Direct the synthesis of proteins 

examples of nucleic acid

DNA, RNA

how many strands does DNA have

2 strands

how mnay strands does RNA have

1 strand

nucleic acids are

large molecules that store information in the form of a code

nucleic acids are made of

nucleotides

what are nucleotides made of

sugar, base, phosphate group

DNA stands for

Deoxyribonucleic Acid 

DNA is

genetic code that passes instructions from parents to offspring

RNA stands for

   Ribonucleic Acid

 

RNA is

copy and transfer genetic information in a cell to make proteins

monomer of nucleic acid

nucleotide

polymer of nucleic acid

nucleic acid - DNA / RNA

Function of nucleic acids

stores and transmits genetic information

dna stores

genetic information

RNA: helps

in making proteins