Common Infectious Alimentary Disorders of Dogs and Cats

what does CPV stand for (CPV)

Canine Parvovirus

Very resistant virus, can persist in environment and on inanimate objects for — months or longer. (CPV)

5

what is the transmission route (CPV)

fecal to oral

define fomite (CPV)

A fomite (plural: fomites) is any inanimate object or surface that can become contaminated with infectious agents

parvo primarily affects (2) (CPV)

unvaccinated dogs especially those under six months.

what dog breeds are most susceptible (CPV)

1. Rottweilers

2. German Shepherds

3. Dobermans

4. rottweilers

where does the virus replicate (2) (CPV)

lymph nodes (LN) of the head and mesentery.

what are the clinical signs (CPV)

1. Acute onset of fever

2. depression.

3. Anemia

4. Anorexia.

5. Vomiting followed by malodorous diarrhea with blood.

6. Dehydration.

7. Septicemia/toxemia in severe cases.

8. Shock.

9. Death.

10. Parvoviral myocarditis

define speticemia (CPV)

blood infection

define Parvoviral myocarditis (CPV)

life-threatening inflammation of the heart muscle (myocardium) caused by a parvovirus

you should suspect any young dog with … (3) (CPV)

1. acute onset of foul-smelling

2. bloody diarrhea

3. +/- vomiting.

a CBC will show (5) (CPV)

1. lymphopenia

2. neutropenia

3. anemia

4. occasional thrombocytopenia.

5. may also see increase or decrease WBC

define lymphopenia (CPV)

a condition where your blood has an abnormally low number of white blood

define pneia (CPV)

lower

define neutropenia (CPV)

abnormally low level of neutrophils in the blood

define thrombocyte (CPV)

platlet

define thrombocytopenia (CPV)

abnormally low number of platelets (thrombocytes) in the blood

what would you see in a chem (CPV)

hypoproteinemia

what would glucose levels be (CPV)

hypoglycemia

what would the MM be (2) (CPV)

1. pale/grey

2. tackey

what would the CRT be (CPV)

greater than 3 secs

what would the HR be (lower end) (CPV)

less than 60 bpm

what would the HR be (higher end) (CPV)

greater than 220 bpm

what would RR be (2) (CPV)

dyspnea or greater than 30 rpm

what would temp be (CPV)

greater than 39.5

define dyspnea (CPV)

hard to breathe

treatment is considered (CPV)

supportive

what does supportive care include (8) (CPV)

1. fluids

2. electrolyte abnormalities

3. antibiotics

4. antiemetics

5. moniter blood glucose levels

6. plasma transfusions

7. CPMA

8. probiotics

define emetic (CPV)

vomiting

define hypoalbuminemia (CPV)

a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of albumin—a crucial protein made by the liver—in your blood serum

CPMA stands for (CPV)

Elanco Canine Parvovirus Monoclonal Antibody

what is CPMA (4) (CPV)

1. antiviral treatment

2. not sensitive

3. less supportive care but less shedding

4. single does treatment

can parvo be killed (CPV)

no

what is fortiflora (CPV)

probiotic supplement will give the patient an effective strain of beneficial bacteria proven to promote normal intestinal microflora

how to prevent it (3) (CPV)

1. Maternal Antibodies.

2. Vaccination

3. sanitation

what is the vaccination schedule (5) (CPV)

1. 6–8 weeks of age

2. then every 3–4 weeks

3. until 12–14 weeks of age

4. booster at one year

5. then every one to three years depending on the vaccine.

what sanitation should be used (CPV)

bleach

what is the bleach dilution (CPV)

133 ml / 4 L water

RVT roles (12) (CPV)

1. history

2. Physical exam/vitals

3. IV cathetar placement and fluids

4. CBC and Chem venipunt and diagnosis

5. parvo snap test/fecal exam

6. admin meds

7. isolation protocols

8. diet needs

9. hospital care

10. home care instructions and discharge

11. feed reccomend

12. follow up/recalls

define Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

inflamatioon of the peritoneum typically caused by bacterial infection

what does FIP stand for (FIP)

Feline Infectious Peritonitis

what causes FIP (4) (FIP)

1. coronavirus

2. contaminated fomites

3. inhalation

4. utero

what are the 2 forms of FIP (FIP)

1. wet

2. dry

FIP is most common in (FIP)

young cats less than one year old.

what is the transmission route (4) (FIP)

1. fecal to oral

2. contaminated fomites

3. inhalation

4. utero

what is the immune response to wet (FIP)

vasculitis in target organs results in outpouring of protein rich fluid.

what is the immune response to dry (FIP)

granulomas (accumulations of granulocytes) destroy affected organs.

what is the MM (2) (FIP)

pale or grey and tacky

what is CRT (FIP)

more than 3 secs

what is HR (low end) (FIP)

less than 120 bpm

what is HR (high end) (FIP)

greater than 240 BPM

what is RR (2) (FIP)

dyspnea ot greater than 42 RPM

what is temp (FIP)

greater than 39.5

what are the genral clinical signs (12) (FIP)

1. Lethargy.

2. Anorexia.

3. Weight loss.

4. Fever, non-responsive to antibiotics.

5. Decreased growth in kittens.

6. ascites

7. pleural and pericardial effusion

8. scrotal effusion or enlargement

9. abdominal distenstion

10. jaundice

11. dyspnea

12. diarrhea

define distension (FIP)

swelling or the state of being stretched and enlarged beyond normal dimensions

define orchitis (FIP)

the swelling or inflammation of one or both testicles

what is the effusive clinical signs (6) (FIP)

1. Vasculitis

2. Abdominal distension

3. ascites

4. Dyspnea

5. pleural effusion.

6. Pericardial effusion.

define Vasculitis (FIP)

an autoimmune condition characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels

define ascites (FIP)

abnormal buildup of excess fluid in the abdomen

define effusion (FIP)

abnormal buildup of excess fluid in a body cavity, space, or between tissues

what are the non-effusive clinical signs (9) (FIP)

1. granulomas

2. adhesions throughout omentum.

3. anterior uveitis with hyphema

4. hypopyon.

5. seizures

6. ataxia

7. nystagmus.

8. diarrhea

9. orchitis

define granulomas (FIP)

infiltration of inflammatory cells

define uveitis (FIP)

the inflammation of the uvea—the middle layer of the tissue in the eyeball

define hyphema (FIP)

a collection of blood in the front (anterior) chamber of the eye

define hypopyon (FIP)

an accumulation of white blood cells (or sterile pus) that pools in the anterior chamber of the eye

define ataxia (FIP)

a neurological term that means "without order" or "lack of coordination."

define nystagmus (FIP)

a vision condition in which the eyes make repetitive, uncontrollable movements

treatment would be considered (FIP)

supportive

what does supportive treatment include (4) (FIP)

1. immunosuppressive drugs

2. maintenance of nutritional intake.

3. drainage of pleural/peritoneal exudates.

4. interferon has been tried.

how to prevent (4) (FIP)

1. vacine

2. balanced diet

3. regular cleaning

4. regular, frequent litter box cleanings

Feline Panleukopenia is aka (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. feline parvovirus

2. distemper

FPV stands for (Feline Panleukopenia)

deline parvovirus

transmission routes (3) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. direct conact from bodily fluids

2. fomites

3. environmental

signs that transmission occured in early gestation (2) (Feline Panleukopenia)

fetal death and resorption.

signs that transmission occured in mid gestation (Feline Panleukopenia)

mummified fetuses.

signs that transmission occured in late gestation (Feline Panleukopenia)

cerebellar hypoplasia.

clinical signs (10) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. Fever (40–41.5°C).

2. Depression.

3. Anorexia.

4. Vomiting

5. diarrhea

6. hemorrhagic.

7. Dehydration

8. coma

9. hypothermia

10. death.

define hemorrhagic (Feline Panleukopenia)

excessive, heavy bleeding

what is the MM (2) (Feline Panleukopenia)

pale or grey and tacky

what is the CRT (Feline Panleukopenia)

greater than 3 secs

what is HR (low end) (Feline Panleukopenia)

less than 120 bpm

what is HR (lhigh end) (Feline Panleukopenia)

greater than 240

whar is the RR (2) (Feline Panleukopenia)

dyspnea and greater than 42

what is the temperature (Feline Panleukopenia)

greater than 39.5

how to diagnose (11) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. Leukopenia

2. neutropenia

3. lymphopenia.

4. thrombocytopenic.

5. Mild anemia.

6. azotemia

7. electrolyte abnormalities.

8. ELISA kits. (IDEXX parvo snap test)

9. CBC

10. CHEM

11. IDEXX PCR diarreah panel

define azotemia (Feline Panleukopenia)

abnormally high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood

treatment is considered — (Feline Panleukopenia)

supportive

what is supportive treatment (5) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. IV fluids,

2. antiemetic,

3. blood/plasma transfusion

4. maintain caloric intake.

5. Antibiotics

how to prevent (3) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. Maternal Antibodies

2. Vaccination

3. bleach sanitation

RVT Roles (12) (Feline Panleukopenia)

1. history

2. physical exam and/or vitals

3. IV catheter placement and fluids

4. CBC and CHEM

5. Fecal exams

6. Admin meds

7. Isolation protocols / precautions

8. dietary needs

9. daily hospital care

10. home care instructions

11. discharge

12. feed recommendations

13. follow up/recalls