Success Criteria 9-19 Science Test 2025

What are the parts of the Digestive system?

• Mouth Salivary Glands Oesophagus

• Stomach Liver Gall Bladder Pancreas Small Intestine Large Intestine Rectum Anus

Which of the following is not a component of blood, and is actually in the nerve system- plasma, red blood cells, neurons, whiteblood cells

neurons

What are the functions of these parts of blood?

• Red blood cells

• White blood cells

• Plasma

• Platelets

Red blood cells → Carry oxygen

• White blood cells → Defend against disease

• Plasma → Transports substances like nutrients, hormones, and waste

• Platelets → Help clot the blood

Compare the structure of arteries, veins, and capillaries. Include walls, valves, and direction of blood flow.

• Arteries: Thick muscular walls, no valves, carry blood away from the heart (usually oxygenated)

• Veins: Thinner walls, valves present, carry blood toward the heart (usually deoxygenated)

• Capillaries: Very thin walls (one cell thick), connect arteries and veins, allow exchange of gases and nutrients

What are the parts of a heart?

• Right atrium Left atrium Right ventricle Left ventricle Pulmonary artery

• Pulmonary vein Aorta Aortic and pulmonary valve Mitral (bicuspid) valve Tricuspid valve

Describe the journey of blood through the circulatory system, starting at the heart.

Blood enters the right atrium, moves to the right ventricle, and is pumped to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.Oxygenated blood returns through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium, goes to the left ventricle, and is pumped to the body via the aorta.

What are the parts of the respiratory system?

• Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Epiglottis Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Intercostal muscles Diaphragm

Whats the structure and function of the alveoli?

• Structure: Tiny air sacs with thin walls and large surface area

• Function: Gas exchange—oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide is removed

Describe the process of gas exchange in the lungs. Include oxygen, carbon dioxide, and the role of capillaries.

• Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries and binds to red blood cells

• Carbon dioxide diffuses from blood into alveoli to be exhaled

• This occurs because of differences in gas concentration (diffusion)

Fill in the blanks:
The __________ produces bile, which is stored in the __________ and helps digest __________.

liver, gall bladder, fats

What is the difference between mehanical and chemical digestion?

• Mechanical digestion: Physical breakdown of food (e.g., chewing in the mouth)

• Chemical digestion: Enzymes breaking food down (e.g., amylase breaking starch in the mouth)

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