AP Human Geo Unit 1 part 1

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34 Terms

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Absolute Distance

Is the exact measurement between two places (often in miles or kilometers)

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Relative Distance

Describes how connected or accessible two places are regardless of measurement.

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Absolute Location

Is a place’s exact coordinates on Earth (latitude/longitude),

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Relative Location

Describes where something is in relation to other landmarks.

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Class Intervals

Ranges of values grouped together in data representation, often used in maps or graphs.

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Core

Regions that are highly developed, economically powerful areas

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Periphery

Regions that are less developed and rely on the core.

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Cultural Ecology

Studies how human cultures adapt to and interact with their environments.

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Cultural Landscapes

Are the visible imprint of human activity on the land.

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Population Density

 Measures how many people live in a given area (per square mile/kilometer).

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Distance Decay

Describes how interactions between places decrease as distance increases.

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Distribution (Circular, Clustered, Dispersed, Geometric, Linear, Random)

Distribution refers to how features or people are arranged in space (clustered close together, dispersed apart, linear along a road, circular around a center, random with no pattern, geometric in a designed pattern).

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Environmental Determinism

Argues the environment shapes human actions

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Possibilism

Says humans adapt and shape their environment.

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Equator

Is the 0° latitude line dividing Earth into north and south

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Prime Meridian

Is the 0° longitude line dividing Earth into east and west.

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Field Observations, Personal Interviews, and Travel Narratives

These are ways geographers collect qualitative data through direct observation, interviews, and written accounts of travel.

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Geographical Data

Is any information tied to a specific location.

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Geospatial Data

Refers specifically to data that can be mapped using coordinates and spatial layers.

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Globalization

Is the increasing interconnectedness of people, cultures, and economies worldwide.

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Landscape Analysis

Is the study of visible features of a region to understand human and environmental impact.

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Land Use

Describes how humans utilize land for purposes like farming, housing, or industry.

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Latitude

Lines that run east–west measuring north/south of the equator,

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Longitude

Lines that run north–south measuring east/west of the prime meridian.

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Map Projections

Methods of displaying Earth’s round surface on flat maps;

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Map Projections (Goode)

Minimizes shape distortion but interrupts oceans.

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Map Projections (Mercator)

Distorts size near poles,

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Map Projections (Robinson)

Balances distortion

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Maps (Cartograms)

Distort size by data

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Maps (Dot Distribution)

Use dots for quantity

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Maps (Flow Map)

Show movement

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Maps (Graduated Symbol)

Maps use symbol size for value

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Maps (Isoline)

connect equal values

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Maps (Plat)

show property boundaries.