Hypertension

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Last updated 2:38 PM on 9/24/26
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6 Terms

1
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What is hypertension?

High blood pressure

  • Force of blood pushing against artery walls is consistently too high

  • 130/80mmHg or higher


2
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What is the difference between secondary and primary HTN?

  • Primary - develops slowly over time with no known specific cause, linked to genetics and lifestyle habits

  • Secondary - appears suddenly and caused by an underlying medical condition/meds


3
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Why are BP, HR, SaO2, BMs observations done with a patient who has HTN?

  • BP - to see if HTN is controlled

  • HR - assess HR and rhythm

  • SaO2 - % of Hb and O2, is there hypoxaemia

  • BMs - checks glucose levels


4
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Why is a QRISK3 score done for a patient with HTN?

To estimate the 10-year risk of developing CVD

  • <10% is wanted for no/low risk


5
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What lifestyle changes help HTN?

  • Exercise - minimum 30 mins

  • Decrease food with K+ - bananas and Na+ - salt


6
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What class of medication is given to patients with HTN and why?

  • ACEi, ramipril - widens blood vessels

  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers, candesartan - blocks hormone that narrows blood vessels

  • Ca channel blockers, amlodipine - no Ca in heart and vessels so they relax

  • Thiazide diuretics, hydrohlorothiazide - removes extra salt and water, lowering fluid pressure

  • Beta blockers, atenolol - slows HR