Bio 108 Exam 2

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Which vessels typically carry blood away from the heart ?

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Blood Vessels, Blood and Immune

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1

Which vessels typically carry blood away from the heart ?

arteries

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2

The closure of a precapillary sphincter prevents blood flow to tissues from:

arterioles

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3

Which vessels serve as the blood reservoirs of the body?

Veins

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4

The outward force that blood exerts on the walls of the blood vessel is:

blood pressure

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5

Select the correct relationship between peripheral resistance and blood pressure.

As peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure increases

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6

Which of the following will decrease peripheral resistance?

increase in vessel radius

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7

Which blood vessels handle the highest blood pressure?

systemic arteries

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8

What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

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9

Archie took several deep breaths of air. By breathing deeply, what mechanism did he assist to return venous blood to his heart?

respiratory pump

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10

Which nervous system promotes increases peripheral resistance and increased blood pressure through the vasoconstriction of systemic arterioles?

sympathetic nervous system

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11

Which if the following stimuli is detected by a chemoreceptor?

decreased blood oxygen concentration

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12

What hormone is released to decreased blood pressure?

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

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13

Hypertension is defined as:

a high force of blood against arteries

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14

At the arteriolar end of the capillary, which pressure is greatest?

capillary hydrostatic pressure

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15

Which pressure pulls water into the capillary?

colloid osmotic pressure

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16

Determine the fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure.

water is pushed out of the capillary by filtration

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17

Which of the following situations created edema?

an increase in the capillary hydrostatic pressure gradient

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18

What is the most abundant component of plasma that contributes to the blood viscosity?

water

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19

Which statement best describes red blood cells?

red blood cell passes a protein known as hemoglobin

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20

The function of red blood cells is to:

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

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21

All red blood cells in an adult originate in the:

red bone marrow

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22

What cell gives rise to all formed elements?

hematopoietic stem cell

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23

Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?

blood oxygen levels fall below normal

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24

Which organ traps older erythrocytes so they will be removed from circulation?

spleen

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25

Which of the following immune responses includes presence of phagocytes?

inflammatory response

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26

Which type of hematopoietic stem cell may produce antibodies?

lymphocyte

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27

Where do T lymphocytes mature?

thymus gland

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28

During the transfusion, if incompatible antigens are introduced, antibodies can bind to foreign antigens, causing them to clump together, or:

agglutinate

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29

Which of the following is NOT a basic function of the lymphatic system?

regulation of calcium ion concentration

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30

Which if the following is part of the complement system?

inflammatory response

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31

What type of immunity exists even in the absence of a specific stimulus?

innate immunity

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32

Mary's mosquito bite is red, warm, and swollen, indicating she is experiencing the effects of:

the inflammatory response

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33

What initiates cell activation

T cell activation begins with a dendritic cell processing and displaying antigen fragments on its MHC molecules

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34

What is the difference between class l and Class ll MHC molecules?

differs in how they treat an antigen

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35

What cells are responsible for cell-mediated (not antibody mediated) immunological memory in which the immune response is expedited upon subsequent exposure to an antigen?

memory T cells

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