Dental Anatomy Lecture 1

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136 Terms

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Specialties of dentistry we will be studying

-operative

-prosthodontics

-endo

-pens

-oral surgery

-perio

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Why do we need to know this?

Foundational building blocks for other dental knowledge

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3 planes of orientation

-coronal

-median/midsagittal

-transverse

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<p>What plane is this?</p>

What plane is this?

Transverse

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<p>What plane is this?</p>

What plane is this?

Coronal

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<p>What plane is this?</p>

What plane is this?

Median/sagittal/midsagittal

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What two planes do we use in the mouth?

Transverse and Median

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What does the transverse plane separate in the mouth?

Maxillary and Mandibular

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What does the median plane separate in the mouth?

Left and right sides

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<p>What side is labeled number 2?</p>

What side is labeled number 2?

Right side

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<p>What side is labeled number 4?</p>

What side is labeled number 4?

Left side

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<p>What arch is labeled number 1?</p>

What arch is labeled number 1?

Maxillary

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<p>What arch is labeled number 3?</p>

What arch is labeled number 3?

Mandibular

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Where is quadrant 1 located?

Right maxillary

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Where is quadrant 2 located?

Left maxillary

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Where is quadrant 3 located?

Left Mandibular

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Where is quadrant 4 located?

Right Mandibular

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What are the two front teeth called?

Central Incisors

<p>Central Incisors</p>
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What two teeth are next to the central incisors?

Lateral incisors

<p>Lateral incisors</p>
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What are the teeth between the lateral incisors and premolars called?

Canines/Cuspids

<p>Canines/Cuspids</p>
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What are the front 6 teeth called?

Anterior

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What are the back 10 teeth called?

Posterior

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What are the teeth in front of the molars called?

Premolars/Bicuspids

<p>Premolars/Bicuspids</p>
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What are the very back teeth called?

Molars

<p>Molars</p>
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What is the function of the central and lateral incisors?

To cut

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What is the function of the canines?

To pierce and to hold

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What is the function of the premolars and molars?

To chew

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Tooth positions used in nomenclature

-maxillary

-mandibular

-anterior

-posterior

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2 sequences of eruption

Primary and Secondary Dentition

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Another name for primary dentition

Deciduous

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Another name for secondary dentition

Permanent

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How many primary/deciduous teeth?

20

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How many secondary/permanent teeth?

32

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What teeth do primary dentition lack?

The 8 premolars and wisdom teeth

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What is the order for ID/naming a tooth?

1) Dentition: permanent or deciduous

2) Arch: Maxillary or mandibular

3) Side: Left or right

4) Tooth name: Canine etc.

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What is the universal numbering system for permanent teeth?

1-32

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What is the universal numbering system for deciduous teeth?

A-T

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In what order are teeth numbered?

Quadrants 1-4, starting on the right maxillary side

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What teeth are in quadrant 1 for permanent teeth?

1-8

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What teeth are in quadrant 2 for permanent teeth?

9-16

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What teeth are in quadrant 3 for permanent teeth?

17-24

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What teeth are in quadrant 4 for permanent teeth?

25-32

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What teeth are in quadrant 1 for deciduous teeth?

A-E

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What teeth are in quadrant 2 for deciduous teeth?

F-J

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What teeth are in quadrant 3 for deciduous teeth?

K-O

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What teeth are in quadrant 4 for deciduous teeth?

P-T

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Where is the Palmer ID System used?

Orthodontics

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How many different bracket shapes in the Palmer System?

4

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Permanent Dentition for Palmer System numbering

1-8

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Primary Dentition for Palmer System numbering

A-E

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<p>What quadrant of the palmer system is this?</p>

What quadrant of the palmer system is this?

Upper Right

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<p>What quadrant of the palmer system is this?</p>

What quadrant of the palmer system is this?

Upper Left

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<p>What quadrant of the palmer system is this?</p>

What quadrant of the palmer system is this?

Lower Right

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<p>What quadrant of the palmer system is this?</p>

What quadrant of the palmer system is this?

Lower Left

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Two main parts of a tooth

Crown and Root

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Two parts of the Crown of the tooth

Enamel and Dentin

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Parts of the Root of the tooth

Pulp and Cementum

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Do baby teeth have more enamel or dentin?

Enamel

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What percentage of calcium hydroxyapatite in the enamel

95%

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What is the hardest substance in the body?

Enamel

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What makes the tooth white?

Enamel

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What is the external surface layer of the crown?

Enamel

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<p>What is number 1?</p>

What is number 1?

Enamel

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<p>What is number 2?</p>

What is number 2?

Dentin

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<p>What is number 3?</p>

What is number 3?

Pulp

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<p>What is number 4?</p>

What is number 4?

Cementum

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<p>What is number 5?</p>

What is number 5?

Root

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<p>What is number 6?</p>

What is number 6?

Crown

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Is dentin sensitive?

Yes!

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Percentage of calcium hydroxyapatite in Dentin

70%

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Is dentin visible?

Not normally, can appear with grinding, etc.

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What directly underlays the enamel and cementum?

Dentin

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Percentage of calcium hydroxyapatite in cementum

65%

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What is the external layer of the root?

Cementum

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Is the cementum thick or thin?

Very thin

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Where is the cementum located?

Covering the root, under the gum and bone

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How many junctions are there?

3

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What is the junction where the enamel meets the cementum?

Cement enamel (CEJ) or Cervical Line

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What is the junction where the cementum meets the dentin?

Cementodentinal

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What is the junction where the enamel meets the dentin?

Dentinoenamel

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<p>What junction is red?</p>

What junction is red?

Cementoenamel (CEJ), or cervical line

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<p>What junction is blue?</p>

What junction is blue?

Cementodentinal

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<p>What junction is yellow?</p>

What junction is yellow?

Dentinoenamel

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What is pulp?

Soft, mineralized connective tissue

Contains blood vessels and nerves

Normally not visible

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What does a normal pulp indicate?

Vitality and nutrition in the tooth

A root canal is needed when a tooth is non-vital

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What does the pulp do if a filling becomes too deep?

It protects the tooth!

The pulp is as formative, sensory, nutritive, and protective functions

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What is the formative pulp function?

Odontoblasts produce dentin (layers)

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What is the sensory function of pulp?

Sense of pain

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What is the nutritive function of pulp?

Transports nutrients

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What is the protective function of pulp?

Repairs dentin in response to injury (drilling too deep)

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Periodontal Structures

Alveolar bone

Gingiva

Periodontal ligament

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Alveolar bone

Bone that surrounds the roots

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Gingiva

Soft tissue that covers the alveolar bone

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Periodontal ligament

Thin ligament that connects tooth and surrounding bone

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<p>What is number 1?</p>

What is number 1?

Free Gingiva

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<p>What is number 2?</p>

What is number 2?

Attached gingiva

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<p>What is number 3?</p>

What is number 3?

Periodontal ligament

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<p>What is number 4?</p>

What is number 4?

Alveolar bone

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<p>What is number 5?</p>

What is number 5?

Cementum of root

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<p>What is number 6?</p>

What is number 6?

Gingival margin