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It investigates how story elements in UI design impact vocabulary retention in Filipino learning applications.

What does the study investigate?

To determine whether a narrative-driven UI enhances retention rates among Grade 4 students.

What is the main goal of the study?

• What is the retention rate before exposure to Kinaiya?

• What is the retention rate after exposure to Kinaiya?

• Is there a significant difference in retention rates before and after using Kinaiya?

What are the research questions?

• Constructivist Learning Theory (Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner)

• Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (Mayer & Moreno)

What learning theories support the study?

Constructivist Learning Theory (Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner)

Learners actively construct knowledge based on experiences. This supports the use of interactive storytelling to enhance vocabulary retention.

Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning (Mayer & Moreno)

Learning is more effective when both visual and auditory information are used, reinforcing the importance of a well-designed UI with story elements.

A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test, which allowed the researchers to measure the effect of the intervention before and after implementation.

What research design was used?

It allowed comparison between students' vocabulary scores before and after using the KINAIYA app, determining its effectiveness in improving vocabulary retention.

Why was the pretest-posttest design used?

To establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the storytelling elements in UI design and vocabulary acquisition.

What is the goal of using this experimental design?

30 Grade 4 students from Whizkids Montessori Schoolhouse, selected through clustered sampling.

What was the sample population?

Clustered sampling refers to the non-probability sampling technique where the researchers selected a specific group of students (Grade 4) from Whizkids Montessori Schoolhouse as the sample population. Rather than randomly choosing individual students from various classes or schools, the researchers treated each class or section as a “cluster” and selected entire clusters (i.e., one Grade 4 class) for participation.

This approach allowed the researchers to (1) work efficiently within a single institution, (2) ensure participants shared similar educational settings and curriculum exposure, (3) minimize logistical issues, (4) collect data from a homogeneous group suitable for evaluating the effect of the KINAIYA storytelling app on Filipino vocabulary retention.

Thus, clustered sampling in this study helped ensure consistency and reliability in data collection while targeting the appropriate developmental age group for vocabulary learning.

Why was clustered sampling chosen?

• Pre-test

• Kinaiya app exposure

• Post-test

How was data collected?

KINAIYA, a Filipino language learning app with three children's stories and interactive vocabulary-based prompts.

What application was developed for the study?

Ang Aking Mga Aso, Puspin: Ang Aking Mga Alagang Pusa, Ang Kaibigan Kong Si Lala. All stories published by

What are the stories included in the KINAIYA app?

It features interactive multiple-choice questions, immediate feedback, and contextualized explanations for incorrect answers to reinforce learning.

How does the app support vocabulary learning?

It contains 15 items divided into three parts:

• Pangngalan (Nouns)

• Pang-uri (Adjectives)

• Pandiwa (Verbs)

Each part includes 5 questions.

What is the structure of the questionnaire?

It was based on frequency and relevance to the context of the stories in the app.

How were vocabulary words for the questionnaire selected?

To ensure clarity, relevance, and appropriateness of the questionnaire items to the study's objectives and improve instrument quality.

What was the purpose of the validation process?

A letter of request was sent to Whizkids Montessori Schoolhouse outlining objectives, intervention period, and ethical considerations.

What steps were taken before data collection?

• Pre-test administered face-to-face

• Intervention using KINAIYA app

• Post-test to assess vocabulary improvement

• Data organization into structured tables for analysis

What was the sequence of the data gathering process?

It was conducted face-to-face to ensure clear understanding of questions and accurate baseline measurement.

How was the pre-test delivered, and why?

• Mean & Standard Deviation

• Paired T-Test

What statistical methods were used?

Mean & Standard Deviation

It was used to analyze vocabulary improvement trends

Paired T-Test

It was used to measure the significance of differences in retention rates before and after using Kinaiya

43.33% had very high retention, while 23.33% had poor retention.

What were the retention rates in the pre-test?

46.67% had very high retention, and 0% had poor retention.

What were the retention rates in the post-test?

A significant improvement in vocabulary retention after using Kinaiya.

What did the Paired T-Test show?

They found the KINAIYA engaging and helpful for remembering words. The students could understand some of the words as it is, though when placed into a narrative - it challenges their comprehension. Most students also spoke in straight english, and often asked about words in the questionnaire. There were also words that are not asked in the questionnaire but seemed unfamiliar.

What feedback did students give?

The study rejected the null hypothesis, proving that Kinaiya significantly enhances Filipino vocabulary retention.

What was the conclusion of the study?

• Educators should integrate Kinaiya into Filipino language instruction.

• Developers should enhance the app’s interactivity (e.g., gamification, progress tracking, audio features).

• Future research should explore long-term effects and compare Kinaiya with other learning tools.

• Expansion to additional vocabulary sets and more interactive storytelling features is encouraged.

What recommendations were given?

Filipino language learning resources are limited in digital education. This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of storytelling UI elements on language retention.

Why is this study important?

• Uses storytelling within UI design instead of traditional learning models.

• Provides interactive prompts and immediate feedback.

• Ensures vocabulary is presented in a relatable and engaging context.

What makes Kinaiya different from other language learning apps?

• The app and questionnaire were validated by a licensed Filipino teacher (Mrs. Jinky A. Decena).

• The questionnaire was pre-tested to ensure clarity and relevance.

How did you ensure the validity of research instruments?

• They are at a crucial stage for vocabulary development.

• They are receptive to interactive learning methods.

• Their curriculum focuses on language expansion.

Why were Grade 4 students chosen as respondents?

• Limited to Grade 4 students from one school, affecting generalizability.

• Focused only on vocabulary retention, not other language aspects.

• External factors (prior exposure to Filipino words) were not controlled.

What were the study’s limitations?

• Introduce more diverse storytelling themes.

• Add gamification (e.g., rewards, levels).

• Improve accessibility for multiple devices.

• Include audio pronunciation for auditory learning.

How can Kinaiya be improved?

• Integrates digital learning widely used in modern education.

• Encourages engagement through storytelling.

• Supports self-paced learning for students.

How does Kinaiya align with modern educational trends?

• Can be integrated into Filipino language curricula.

• Provides insights for app developers creating educational tools.

• Can be expanded to other languages or subjects.

What are the real-world applications of this study?

• Conduct research on long-term retention effects.

• Compare Kinaiya with other digital learning tools.

• Explore how different story elements affect engagement.

• Increase sample size and diversity to validate findings.

How can future researchers build on this study?

METHODOLOGY

METHODOLOGY