DRUG AND HIV- QUIZ MIDTER

Drugs

u are defined as a chemical substance other than food that affects the normal function of the body and mind when being taken in or applied to the body.

u pass through the body and interferes with brain’s neurotransmitters.

Pharmaceutical Drugs (Medicinal Drugs)

Recreational Drugs

Classification Of Drugs

Pharmaceutical Drugs

Drugs that are used for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases.

Legal, regulated, and usually prescribed by doctors (though some are available over-the-counter).

Recreational Drugs

uDefinition: Substances taken for pleasure, relaxation, or stimulation, not for medical reasons.

uCharacteristics: Often addictive, may be legal (alcohol, tobacco) or illegal (shabu, cocaine).

Drug Abuse

is the non permissive consumption of certain substance that may lead to physical and psychological dependence.

drug addiction

is a psychological and physical inability to stop consuming a chemical, drug, activity, or substance, even though it is causing psychological and physical harm

A chronic disease of the brain where a person loses control and develops a physical and/or psychological dependence on the drug.

Key Point: The person cannot stop even if they want to, and stopping may cause withdrawal symptoms

Shabu

Marijuana

Alcohol

Inhalant and solvents

Commonly Abused Drugs

Illegal possession, use, sale, manufacture, cultivation, and trafficking of dangerous drugs and controlled precursors.

Imposes penalties ranging from rehabilitation (for some first-time users) to life imprisonment or even death penalty (before it was repealed) for large-scale trafficking.

Republic Act No. 9165

the lead agency in fighting illegal drugs

Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

virus that primarily infects cells of the immune system and that causes AIDS

Lives in Human blood, sexual fluids, and breast milk

invades the helper T cells to replicate itself.

disease that is caused by HIV infection, which weakens the immune system

Most serious stage of HIV, and leads to death over time

limits the body’s ability to fight infection

has a very weak immune system

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Acute HIV Infection

•Timeline: 2–4 weeks after exposure

•What happens: The virus multiplies rapidly and spreads throughout the body.

The immune system responds strongly.

•Symptoms: Often flu-like (fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, rash,

headache, body aches).

Some people may have no symptoms)

•Timeline: Can last 5–10 years or longer (without treatment).

•What happens: HIV is still active but reproduces at low levels.

•Symptoms: Usually none, or mild and non-specific (swollen lymph nodes, fatigue).

Chronic HIV Infection

AIDS

Final and most severe stage of HIV infection

•What happens: The immune system is badly damaged

•Symptoms: Rapid weight loss, chronic diarrhea, persistent fever, night sweats, skin blotches, TB, pneumonia, fungal infections.

Without treatment: Survival is typically 3 years or less.

Antibody tests

These tests look for antibodies to HIV in blood or saliva. They’re also called immunoassay or ELISA tests.

Nucleic Acid Test

This test looks for the actual virus in the blood and is also known as the RNA test

Antiretroviral Therapy

a combination of daily medications that stop the virus from reproducing. This helps reduce the HIV virus in the body, keep the immune system healthy and decrease complications.