CLF TERM 1 REVIEW

What is the Greek origin and literal meaning of the word Eucharist?

It comes from the Greek word eucharistein, which means "thanksgiving".

What is the PPT definition of the Eucharist?

The highest form of Christian prayer and worship.

What is the simple definition of the Eucharist?

The central sacrament of Catholic worship where believers receive Jesus' body and blood as an act of thanksgiving.

What ancient Jewish practice is the word Eucharist rooted in?

Jewish table blessings that proclaim God's works of creation, redemption, and sanctification.

Why is the Eucharist described as the "source and summit of the Christian life"?

Because it contains the real presence of Christ, serving as nourishment for faith and an invitation to deeper communion with God.

Give an example of authentic participation in the Eucharist.

Participating attentively in Holy Mass and receiving Holy Communion rather than treating it as a routine obligation.

What Latin phrase does the word Mass originate from, and what does it mean?

From Ite, missa est, referring to being sent forth at the conclusion of the celebration to live out the faith.

What is the simple definition of the Mass?

The main worship service of the Catholic Church, which ends with a commission to go out and serve.

What core concept does the etymology of Mass highlight about Christian worship?

It highlights that the gathering is not an end in itself; receiving Christ in worship empowers believers to act as Christ’s hands and feet in daily life.

Give an example of living out the Mass in daily life.

Leaving church after Sunday Mass and making an active effort to help someone in need during the week.

What is the PPT definition of the Ignatian Examen?

A reflective prayer technique that helps individuals recognize God's presence in their daily lives and discern His will.

What is the simple definition of the Ignatian Examen?

A daily prayerful check-in to see where God was active in your day and how you responded.

Who developed the Examen, and what mindset does it encourage?

St. Ignatius of Loyola; it encourages a mindset of wonder, gratefulness, and self-awareness.

What is the primary purpose of guiding a person through their daily thoughts, emotions, and actions in the Examen?

To find God in all things, even through difficulties.

Give an example of practicing the Ignatian Examen.

Sitting quietly at night for 10 minutes to review the day's events, expressing thanks for good moments, acknowledging mistakes, and asking for grace for tomorrow.

What is Lex Talionis?

The "eye for an eye" principle; biblically, an ancient legal rule that establishes proportionality and limits retaliation rather than encouraging revenge.

Where in the Bible is Lex Talionis found?

Exodus 21:23–25 ("an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth").

Why was Lex Talionis originally established in ancient times?

To prevent escalation and blood feuds by setting strict boundaries on vengeance so that an offense was not met with extreme, unproportional retaliation.

Give an example of applying Lex Talionis correctly according to its original intent.

Restricting a penalty to equal value for property damage rather than destroying the offender's entire home in revenge.

What is the PPT definition of Discernment?

The process of using faith, reason, conscience, and Scripture to determine how to respond to specific moral situations.

What is the simple definition of Discernment?

The process of carefully figuring out God's call or the right moral choice in a given situation.

What elements are required to practice moral discernment?

Active reflection, prayer, and critical thinking to evaluate options through moral principles and personal reflection.

Give an example of moral discernment.

Praying and analyzing one's motivations before deciding whether to stand up against peer pressure or remain silent.

What is Consolation in Ignatian spirituality?

Moments of peace, joy, inner comfort, or a deep sense of God's presence encountered during reflection that direct the heart toward God.

What are spiritual signs that an experience is leading to Consolation?

An increase in faith, hope, love, and a feeling of alignment with God's presence.

Give an example of experiencing spiritual consolation.

Feeling a sense of calm and relief after a sincere prayer during a difficult exam week.

What is Christian Morality?

A way of living rooted in the belief that God is the source of goodness, involving becoming the person God created us to be guided by faith and Jesus' example.

How does Christian Morality differ from legalism or cultural norms?

It is not a restrictive list of rules or adherence to legalistic norms; it is a response to God's love aimed at transforming individuals into Christ's image through loving choices, compassion, and authentic human freedom.

Give an example of demonstrating Christian Morality.

Choosing to forgive a classmate who wronged you because of Christ's example of nonviolence and love.

What is the fundamental nature of prayer?

Spiritual communication between humanity and God; a two-way loving relationship that requires both speaking to God and listening to Him.

What are the three essential aspects of genuine prayer?

Awareness of Presence, Gratitude, and A Loving Response.

What does Awareness of Presence mean in prayer?

Recognizing God's presence and focusing on who God is and what He does.

What does Gratitude involve as an aspect of prayer?

Spontaneously expressing thanks for life, being, and God's love.

What is A Loving Response in the context of prayer?

Saying "I love You too" to God in response to realizing He loved us first.

Is it accurate to say "God did not answer my prayer"?

No, because God answers all prayers, though not always in the way human beings expect.

What are the three ways God responds to prayer?

YES, WAIT, and NO.

Under what condition does God answer "YES" to a prayer?

Granted when the request is good for the person and aligns with God's will.

Why does God answer "WAIT" to a prayer?

Given when the timing is not right, requiring growth in trust, patience, or readiness.

Why does God answer "NO" to a prayer?

Given when the request might cause harm or when God has a better plan.

How did God answer St. Paul's prayer regarding his "thorn in the flesh" (2 Corinthians 12:8–9)?

God answered "NO" to physical healing, but granted the greater gift: "My grace is sufficient for you," teaching St. Paul humility and spiritual strength.

What is the spiritual root of disappointment when receiving a "NO" or "WAIT" from God?

Blindness to God's broader plan of love.

How should a believer reinterpret God's "NO", "WAIT", and "YES"?

A "NO" is redirection, a "WAIT" is preparation, and a "YES" is what is truly needed.

According to Bishop Robert Barron, why is the Mass the highest form of prayer?

It is the most intense encounter with Jesus, where He speaks through Scripture, hosts the meal, and feeds believers with His own body and blood.

Why is attending Mass merely to fulfill an obligation problematic?

It misses its core purpose, which is deepening a personal relationship with God.

What is the deeper spiritual meaning of Ite, missa est?

Mass does not end at the church doors; it is where mission begins, sending believers forth to become "Eucharist for others" by acting as Christ's hands and feet on earth.

What is the primary purpose of the Ignatian Examen?

To foster a spirituality of wonder and gratefulness, enabling individuals to seek and find God in all daily events, including challenges.

What are the 5 moments of the Ignatian Examen in correct order?

1. Presence, 2. Gratitude, 3. Review / Awareness, 4. Contrition / Forgiveness, 5. Hope / Resolution for Tomorrow.

What is the prompt and invitation for Step 1 (Presence) of the Examen?

Prompt: Become still and aware that God is here with you. Invitation: Pause, quiet your mind, and recognize God's loving presence around and within you.

What is the prompt and invitation for Step 2 (Gratitude) of the Examen?

Prompt: Recall people, experiences, or small gifts you received today. Invitation: Thank God for these specific graces and acknowledge His constant generosity.

What is the prompt and invitation for Step 3 (Review / Awareness) of the Examen?

Prompt: Honestly bring your joy, peace, sadness, or anxiety before God. Invitation: Walk through your day step-by-step, noticing where you felt God's presence (consolation) or where you felt pulled away from Him (desolation).

What is the prompt and invitation for Step 4 (Contrition / Forgiveness) of the Examen?

Prompt: Reflect on moments where you fell short in thought, word, or action. Invitation: Ask God for forgiveness with humility, recognizing areas where you failed to respond in love.

What is the prompt and invitation for Step 5 (Hope / Resolution for Tomorrow) of the Examen?

Prompt: Look toward tomorrow with trust and ask for grace. Invitation: Ask for God's guidance and strength to make better choices and live out His love in the coming day.

What is the key distinction between Consolation and Desolation during the Review step of the Examen?

Consolation is feeling God's presence, peace, and joy drawing one closer to God; Desolation is feeling pulled away from God, accompanied by a lack of peace or spiritual distance.

What historical context surrounds Lex Talionis in Exodus 21:23–25?

Ancient Near Eastern societies were prone to unlimited blood feuds and destructive vengeance following offenses.

What was the true legal and moral purpose of Lex Talionis in the Old Testament?

It was a civil law intended to limit retaliation to proportional terms and restrict overreaction, ensuring justice was fair rather than destructive.

Did Lex Talionis command individuals to seek revenge?

No; it did not command revenge, but rather set strict limits on retaliation to prevent excessive punishment.

What passage contains Jesus' radical teaching on nonviolence in the New Testament?

Matthew 5:38–48 ("If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also").

What did a backhand slap on the right cheek mean in Roman-occupied Judea?

It was an intentional act by a social superior (e.g., a Roman soldier) to humiliate an inferior.

What was the social and legal impact of turning the left cheek to an oppressor?

It forced the soldier to either back down or strike with an open palm—which legally implied treating the victim as a social equal.

What did Roman military law specify regarding carrying soldier equipment?

It allowed soldiers to compel civilians to carry gear for exactly one mile.

Why did voluntarily walking a "second mile" disrupt the Roman soldier's authority?

It put the soldier in danger of breaking Roman military law against over-exploiting civilians.

What was the true purpose of Jesus' teaching on turning the cheek and walking the second mile?

Jesus was not teaching passive submission to abuse, but a third way: nonviolent resistance that disarms the oppressor, exposes injustice, and restores human dignity.

Compare the primary focus of Lex Talionis with Jesus' teaching in Matthew 5.

Lex Talionis focuses on limiting revenge to equal value ("eye for an eye"), whereas Jesus' teaching focuses on nonviolent confrontation of evil, restoring dignity, and extending love to oppressors.

What is the main structural difference between Old Testament retaliation laws and Jesus' New Testament morality?

Lex Talionis regulates external retaliation, whereas Jesus' teaching transforms the heart by replacing retaliation with nonviolent dignity.

What is the primary goal of Christian Morality?

To become like Christ in how choices are made and how relationships are lived out, rather than adhering to external rules or cultural codes.

How does Christian faith alter ordinary good moral acts?

Faith transforms ordinary good acts into acts of love for God and neighbor, giving daily actions eternal value.

How does prayer shift the nature of morality for a Christian?

It shifts morality from rigid rule-following into an active, loving relationship with God.

A student feels a lack of inner peace after staying silent while a classmate is gossiped about. In the Examen, what is this feeling called and what does it indicate?

It is called spiritual desolation, indicating that silence in that moment was a failure to love and pulled the student away from God.

What common misconception about prayer is corrected by understanding Christian Morality?

The misconception that prayer is merely an emergency wish-list or a passive escape; in reality, prayer demands an active, Christlike response in daily interactions.

What are three concrete, practical habits to translate Eucharistic prayer into daily action?

1. Daily 10-Minute Evening Examen. 2. Taking a 5-second "silent pause" before reacting in conflict. 3. Performing a weekly concrete act of service following Mass (Ite, missa est).