Topic 2: Nuclear Chemistry

The stability of an isotope depends on the ratio of __ in the nucleus.

Protons to neutrons.

What occurs when the nuclei spontaneously decay?

They emit radiation.

Stable isotopes typically have a __ proton to neutron ratio.

1:1.

All elements with atomic number __ are radioactive.

83+.

The process in which a change in the nucleus of an atom transforms it into a new type of atom is called __.

Transmutation.

Artificial transmutation requires the bombardment of a nucleus by __.

High energy particles.

Nuclear reactions can include natural and artificial decay, nuclear fission and __.

Nuclear fusion.

What happens during nuclear fission?

The nucleus of an atom is split.

Nuclear fusion combines two __ nuclei to form heavier nuclei.

Light.

What is required for nuclear fusion to occur?

High temperatures.

The energy released from nuclear reactions is __ than that released from chemical reactions.

Much greater.