Chapter Exam 1-4 Anatomy & Physiology 9th edition Martini

Is considered the oldest medical science?

1. Biology

2. Embryology

3. Cytology

4. Physiology

5. Anatomy

Anatomy

Anatomy is to ___ and Physiology is to ____

1. Growth, form

2. Structure, function

3. structure, form

4. form, structure

5. function, form

structure, function

The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ____ anatomy?

1. surgical

2. radiographic

3. regional

4. surface

5. pathological.

Regional

Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest?

1. organ, organism, molecular, tissue, system

2. organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

3. cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organism

4. molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism.

organism, system, organ, cellular, molecular

Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?

1. digestive

2. cardiovascular

3. nervous

4.lymphatic

5. Endocrine

Lymphatic

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is termed?

1. negative feedback

2. homeostasis

3. positive feedback

4. effector control

homeostasis

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temp. this is an example of:

1.positive feedback

2.fever

3.negative feedback

4. nonhomeostatic regulation

Negative feedback

This type of feedback exaggerates the effect of variations from normal?

1.positive

2.negative

3.depressing

4. neutral

5. all correct

positive

The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except:

1. Right upper

2. life lower

3. left upper

4. right lower

5. pelvic quadrant

pelvic quadrant

A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the...

1.prone position

2.sagittal position

3.frontal position

4. anatomical position

5. supine position

Anatomical Position

The heart is ____ to the lungs

1.lateral

2.posterior

3.distal

4.medial

5.proximal

medial

Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?

1.transverse

2.proximal

3.sagittal

4.frontal

5.orthogonal

sagittal

The diaphragm muscle separates the__from the __

1.abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

2.pericardial sac, pericardial cavity

3.thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity

4.pleural cavity, mediastinum

5.pericardial cavity, pleural cavity

thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity

The thoracic cavity contain the

1.coelom

2.pericardial & pleural cavities'

3.pleural cavity

4.pericardial cavity

5.pelvic cavity

pericardial & pleural cavitities

Vidceral pericardium is located

1.lining the pleural cavity

2.lining the peritoneal cavity

3.on the lung itself

4.lining the pericardial cavity

5.on the heart itself

on the heart itself

One mole of any element

1.has the same weight

2.has the same number of electrons

3.has the same mass

4.has the same number of atoms

5. all correct

has the same number of atoms

Helium (He) has an atomic number of 2. it is chemically stable because it?

1.is neutral in electrical charge

2.lacks electrons, thus the He atom is stable

3.has a full outer shell

4.will form a covalent bond with another He atom.

5.readily ionizes to react with other atoms.

has a full outer shell

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is FALSE?

1.hydrogen bonds are responsible for many properties of water

2.hydrogen bonds can form between neighboring molecules

3.hydrogen bonds can occur within a single molecule

4.hydrogen bonds are important for holding large molecules together

5.hydrogen bonds are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged atoms.

hydrogen bonds are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively charged atoms.

which of the following is not a cation?

1.Cl-

2.Na+

3.K+

4.Mg2+

5.Ca2+

Cl-

The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by?

1.the outermost electron shell

2.the mass of the nucleus

3.the number of neutrons

4.the number of protons

5.the size of the atom

the outmost shell

when atoms complete their outer electron shell by sharing electrons, they form

1.anions

2.cation

3.ionic bonds

4.hydrogen bonds

5.covelent bonds

covalent bonds

ionic bonds are formed when?

1.a pair of electrons

2.hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms

3.two or more atoms lose electrons at the same time

4.an electron or electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another

5.atoms share electrons

hydrogen forms bonds with negatively charged atoms

in dehydration synthesis reactions, compounds..

1.lose water molecules

2.gain electrons

3.convert hydrogen and oxygen to water

4.gain water molecules

5.convert water molecules to hydrogen and oxygen

lose water molecules

which ph is closest to the normal body ph?

1.ph7

2.ph8

3.ph3

4.ph2

5.ph4

pH7

A polysaccharide this is formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is?

1.cellulose

2.glycogen

3.sucrose

4.fructose

5.lactose

glycogen

the group of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a near 1:2:1 ratio is defined as a?

1.carbohydrate

2.saturated fat

3.nucleic acid

4.lipid

5.protein

Carbohydrate

Lipids?

1.provide a significant energy reserve

2.cushion organs against shocks

3.from essential structural components of cells

4.help to maintain body temperature

5.all correct

all correct

a fatty acid with no double bonds between carbon atoms is?

1.saturated

2.unsaturated

3.denatured

4.polyunsaturated

5.dehydrated

Saturated

you would expect a peptide bond to link?

1.two nucleotides

2.two simple sugars

3.a peptide and a fatty acid

4.two amino acids

5.a sugar and a peptide

two amino acids

How would the lack of a cofactor for an enzyme affect that enzyme's function?

1.the enzyme would not be able to function

2.the enzyme's function would not be altered

3.the enzyme would cease to function after reaching a maximum rate

4.the enzyme would function more slowly

5.the enzyme would function more quickly

the enzyme would not be able to function

the smallest living unit within the human body is?

1.an organ

2.the cell

3.an organ system

4.a protein

5.a tissue

the cell

membrane proteins perform which of the following functions?

1.recognition

2.receptors

3.achoring

4.enzymes

5.all of the answers correct

all of the answers correct

organelles that break down fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are?

1.peroxisomes

2.nuclei

3.toxisome

4.lysosomes

5.endocytic vesicles

peroxisomes

histones are found in?

1.nucleosomes

2.proteasomes

3.vesciles

4.endosomes

5.lysosomes

nucleosomes

the triplet codes needed to specify a specific polypeptide chain are found in the?

1.codon

2.polypeptide itself

3.gene

4.anticodon

5.cytoplasm

gene

the process of forming mRNA is called?

1.transcription

2.replication

3.translation

4.ribolation

5.ausculation

transcription

the mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is?

1.TAG

2.ATC

3.AUC

4.AUG

5.UAG

UAG

a DNA nucleotide is composed of?

1.amino acids

2.one nitrogen base, deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group

3.a codon and an anticodon

4.protein lipid, and ribose sugar

5.four nitrogen base

one nitrogen base, deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group

which statement best describes osmosis?

1.active transport of water across the cell membrane

2.diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

3.diffusion of water from a grater to a lesser concentration

4.random movement of water due to kinetic energy

5.movement of water into a solute

diffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane

two types of vesicular transport include?

1.exocytosis and retrocytosis

2.pinocytosis and active transport

3.passive diffusion and active diffusion

4.endocytosis and retrocytosis

5.endocytosis and exocytosis

endocytosis and exocytosis

in a series of measurements of resting transmembrane potentials, the following values were recorded. which of the following is the likeliest to be an error?

1.+100mv

2.-10mv

3.-40mv

4.-70mv

5.-20mv

+100mv

during mitosis, chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes during?

1.metaphase

2.prophase

3.interphase

4.telophase

5.anaphase

anaphase

the genetically programmed death of cells is called?

1.mitosis

2.replication

3.apoptosis

4.metastasis

5.differentioation

apoptosis

the process by which cells become specialized is called?

Differentiation

if a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?

1.18

2.cannot be determined

3.23

4.36

5.9

18

which of the following is NOT once of the four main tissue categories?

1.ossesous tissue

2.neural tissue

3.muscle tissue

4.epithial tissue

5.connective tissue

osseous tissue

the tissue that always has a "top" and "bottom" is?

1.basal tissue

2.epithial tissue

3.connective tissue

4.muscle tissue

5.apical tissue

epithelial tissue

glands that secret their product by the bursting of cells are?

1.endoctine glands

2.sudoriferous glands

3.apocrine glands

4.holocrine glands

5.merocrine glands

holocrine glands

glands that secret hormones into the interstitial fluid are?

1.holocrine glands

2.endocrine glands

3.merocrine glands

4.intersitial glands

5.exocrine glands

endocrine glands

unicellular exocrine glands secrete

1.insulin

2.milk

3.mucus

4.sweet

5.sebum

mucus

cells that store fat are called?

1.adipocytes

2.cellulocytes

3.podocytes

4.melanocytes

5.macrocytes

adipocytes

the three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are?

1.poler, cellular, permeable

2.collagen, reticular, and elastic

3.loose, dense, and irregular

4.cartilage, bone, and collagen

5.tendons, ligaments, and elastic ligaments

collagen, reticular, and elastic

chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes to?

1.bone

2.blood

3.epithelium

4.fat

5.neural tissue

bone

the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the?

1.perichondrium

2.peritoneum

3.pleura

4.periosteum

5.pericardium

peritoneum

tissues that is specialized for contraction is __tissue?

1.dense connective

2.muscle

3.epithielial

4.nerve

5.loose connective

muscle

all of the following are true of neurons, EXCEPT that?

1.when mature, they lose the ability to divide

2.they conduct a nervous impulse

3.they are separated from one another by synapses

4.they are composed of a soma and axon

5.they are a very specialized from of connective tissue

they are a very specialized form of connective tissue

tissues changes with age include all of the following, EXCEPT?

1.thinner epithelia

2.less efficient tissue maintenance

3.decreased ability to repair tissue damage

4.more fragile connective tissue

5.proliferation of epidermal cells

proliferation of epidermal cells

the watery fluid component of blood is called

plasma