mechanical properties definitions

Strength

The ability to withstand force without breaking or permanently bending.

Bending Strength

The ability to remain rigid and withstand deformation when subject to a force.

Compressive Strength

The ability to withstand pushing forces which attempt to crush or shorten the material.

Tensile Strength

The ability to resist stretching or pulling forces.

Shear Strength

The ability to resist sliding forces acting against each other.

Torsional Strength

The ability to withstand twisting forces under tension or torque.

Plasticity

The ability to be permanently changed in shape by an external force without cracking.

Malleability

The ability to be formed with the application of force, increasing with temperature.

Ductility

The ability to be drawn out and deformed under pressure before cracking.

Elasticity

The ability to flex and bend when a force is applied and regain original shape when force is removed.

Impact Resistance (Toughness)

The ability to withstand sudden impact without fracture.

Hardness

The ability to withstand abrasive wear and indentation.

Durability

The ability to withstand wear and tear, weathering, and corrosion.

Fatigue Resistance

The ability to withstand alternating stresses over a long period without fracture.

Stiffness

The rigidity of an object, resisting deformation in response to an applied force.

Rigidity

The ability for a material to resist bending, stretching, twisting, or other deformation under a load.