properties of ionic compounds
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19 Terms
what is an ion?
an atom with an overall charge.
what do ionic compounds form and what do scientists call this?
giant structures, scientists call this a giant ionic lattice.
in a giant ionic lattice what is every positive ion surrounded by?
negative ions
in a giant ionic lattice what is every negative ion surrounded by?
positive ions
in the giant ionic lattice for sodium chloride what ions is there?
positive sodium ions
surrounded by negative chloride ions
what structures are giant ionic lattices?
three dimensional structures
in a giant ionic lattice there are very strong forces of attraction between the positive and negative ions what are these called?
electrostatic forces of attraction
what do these strong electrostatic forces of attraction do?
they hold the positive and negative ions in place.
what are the electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive and negative ions also called?
ionic bonds
ionic bonds act in all what?
directions
why do ionic compounds have very high melting and boiling points?
ionic compounds have very high melting and boiling points because the strong electrostatic forces of attraction require a great deal of heat energy to break.
as you heat an ionic solid what happens to the particles?
they vibrate and when the particles vibrate with enough energy the electrostatic forces of attraction break and the solid melts.
due to the electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions being very strong what does this mean?
it takes a great deal of heat energy for these to break.
ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity when they are?
solids
in a solid the ions are locked in place by the what?
the strong electrostatic forces of attraction
in a solid the ions can vibrate but cannot?
move
when can ionic compounds conduct electricity?
when they are melted of dissolved in water.
why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when they are melted or dissolved in water?
because the ions can now move and carry the electrical charge.
when ionic compounds conduct electricity what is moving?
the ions are moving, not electrons.