media and metal health

What is the core idea of the use and gratification theory?

People use the internet to fulfill a specific need.

What are the five factors in the Five-Factor Model?

Extraversion - Outgoing, energetic, and enjoys social interaction.

Conscientiousness - Organized, responsible, and goal-oriented.

Agreeableness - Kind, empathetic, and cooperative.

Neuroticism - Anxious, emotionally unstable, and easily stressed.

Openness - Creative, curious, and open to new ideas.

Social comparison

Upward Comparison - Comparing yourself to someone better can motivate improvement or lower self-esteem

Doward Comparison - Comparing yourself to someone worse. can boost self esteem or create self satstification feelings or even sad feelings

Mood Mangement

is a communication theory that suggests people choose media content to improve their mood

What are the 4D’s used to determine normal vs. abnormal behavior?

Deviance - Behavior that differs from societal norms.

Distress - Causes significant emotional or physical upset (how much does it bother a person).

Disability - how much does it affect a person from day to day (ex, you were watching tv shows for so long you failed a class)

Danger - dangerous behavior for the person or to others (”if you believe in jesus you will not be harmed”)

What is the "flow" state in games?

A state of immersion and focus where you lose track of time.

What are the types of motivation in gaming?

Intrinsic - - the drive to do something because you want to do it

Extrinsic - the drive to do something because you get awarded for doing it

Over justification - how external rewards can reduce a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task (ex: doing something you love as a job)

What is the Elaboration Likelihood Model?

explains how people are persuaded and process information. It suggests there are two main routes to persuasion (motivation and ability to process info determine which route is used):

Central route: Involves careful thought and deep evaluation of information.

Peripheral route: Relies on superficial cues like attractiveness or credibility, rather than the message itself.

Which mental illness is internet addiction based off of?

Pathological gambling and chemical addiction (Internet addiction share similarities with these conditions, such as compulsive behaviors and loss of control

“Jim has this theory that eating italian food will make you more creative” How would you do this as an experiment? 

• independent measure 

  • Give one group Italian food and the other non-Italian food 

• dependent variable  

  • Give both Some measure of creativity (draw a picture afterward) and see which group was more creative

“Jim has this theory that eating italian food will make you more creative” How would you do this as a correlation? 

• Survey a bunch of people 

  • - find out how much Italian food they eat (on a scale of 1-7 how creative do you think you  are, and on a scale of 1-7 how much Italian food do you eat?) 

“Jim finds a really strong positive correlation between italian food and creativity”

• A causes B: Italian food stimulates the senses and boosts dopamine, enhancing creativity.

• C causes A and B: Artistic settings of Italian dining promote creativity and attract creative people.

• B causes A: Creative individuals are drawn to the artistry and aesthetic of Italian cuisine.

A B A  model

• People are anxious, you get them the drug (A), you remove the treatment (B) you give them the treatment again (A)

Diathesis-stress model

you have a genetic predisposition, and a life event brings it out (it activates the gene) 

Reciprocal gene- model

you have the gene for certain disorders and you are likely to seek out things that will turn on the gene (depression gene seeks out sad activities) 

Diagnostic and Statistical manual DSM -5TR

Mental Status exams

1) Appearance- how does the person look (what if you saw a person wearing a tin foil hat) 

2) Thought Processes- are your ideas forming in a proper way (are they random chaotic) 

• hallucinations

3) Mood and effect- 

effect - (“I am so depressed rn!!”) inappropriate effect 

4) sensorium- orientation to time, date and place 

Anxiety types

they are about worry, concern, phobias, social anxieties, ocds 

Depression and Mania

• Subjective feelings of sadness 

• Eating too much / or not eating at all 

• Sleeping too much 

• Thoughts of death 

• Loss in pleasure in activities 

what is the difference between mental health and mental disorder? 

• Mental health: Overall well-being in emotions, thoughts, and social interactions.

• Mental disorder: Specific diagnosed condition disrupting mental health, like depression or anxiety.

unipolar

A) Major depression

B) Dysthymia 

• Slightly depressed, dysphoric mood 

• Manic mood 

c) Depressive disorder not otherwise specified

D) SAD

what is the difference between optimism and hope?

optimism is the belief, and hope is the belief along with action. 

Optimism: belief you can catch the bus 

Hope: i am going to catch the bus 

Coping

Problem-focused -  you fail the midterm, problem-focused would be “What would i need to do to pass this class” 

Emotion-focused - you fail the midterm, you start laughing or crying or avoidance 

Avoidance - you just don't think about it, doom scrolling 

Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication

Explains how people learn behaviors and attitudes by observing media models and their consequences.

What is the difference between vitality and reliability?

vitality: are you actually measuring what you think you are measuring (precision of accuracy)

reliability: you design a questionnaire, will you get the same answer over and over? (shows the inconsistency)

Interpretive phenomenological analysis

• IPA: A qualitative method exploring personal experiences and their meanings.

• Quantitative: Numerical data to measure, test, and analyze patterns.

• Qualitative: Non-numerical data to understand deeper meanings and contexts.

Social Cognitive Theory of Media

People learn behaviors and norms by observing media, which influences perceptions through modeling and imitation.

Family systems: 

• Enabler: Supports the person's harmful behavior, making it easier to continue.

• Codependent: Relies on the person's dysfunction to maintain the relationship.

• Absence and Reduction Model: Shift from harmful behaviors to less extreme ones (e.g., heroin to smoking pot). With internet use, absence isn't feasible (e.g., you can't ignore emails).

questionare types

• Double-barreled question: Combines two topics (attitudes toward Trump and feelings about the border crisis), making it unclear which one the respondent is addressing.

• Leading, complicated question: Overly long and vague, suggesting complexity and purpose in life, which may bias or confuse the respondent.

• Open-ended questionnaires: Allow respondents to answer freely, providing detailed and subjective responses.

• Close-ended questionnaires: Provide fixed answer choices (e.g., multiple choice, yes/no).

• Rating scales: Measure attitudes or opinions on a scale (e.g., 1–5 or strongly disagree to strongly agree).

• Demographic questionnaires: Collect basic information, like age, gender, or occupation.

• Likert scale questionnaires: Focus on measuring levels of agreement or disagreement.

• Ranking questionnaires: Ask respondents to prioritize items in order of preference or importance.

Therapy types

• Cognitive Therapy: Teaches individuals to challenge negative thoughts and replace them with realistic, healthier ones.

• Humanistic Therapy: Non-directive approach where individuals explore and find their own solutions.