Physical Education and Health - Elements and Types of Dance

Flashcards covering the elements of dance, categories of dance, specific Philippine folk dances, and ballroom, contemporary, and jazz dance technical terms.

Body (Element of Dance)

The component of dance comprised of movements that express feelings and emotions using locomotor and non-locomotor motions.

Energy (Element of Dance)

The force at which body motion is expressed, ranging from hard to gentle motions.

Space/Level

The variation in movement using the surrounding area, including moving high, low, or in zig-zag patterns.

Relationship (Element of Dance)

The way dancers communicate and react using their bodies while dancing with a partner or a group.

Time (Element of Dance)

The element following a rhythm or beat to match actions with the music or to mimic another dancer's timing.

Folk Dance

A vibrant expression of cultural heritage evolved organically within communities over generations, rooted in the traditions of a specific region.

Ethnic Dance

A dance indigenous to a certain race or country that embodies cultural heritage and ancestral roots, often characterized by a particular cultural group.

National Dance

A type of folk dance that is found most widely in a specific country.

Natural Dance

A type of dance that makes use of basic locomotor and axial movements.

Creative Dance

The highest form of dance for entertainment, which is the end product of exploration and improvisation of movements to express emotions and ideas.

Gymnastic Dance

A dance style inspired by rhythmic gymnastics that incorporates acrobatic movements and expressive lifts into flowing routines.

Social/Ballroom Dance

A blend of elegance and connection focused on the joy of dancing with a partner in a social setting rather than competitive formalization.

Modern Dance

A discipline that retains some ballet technique while expanding it to encompass total body involvement and creative expressions.

Recreational Dance

Includes dance mixers, square dances, and round dances with simple patterns based on walking steps.

Singing Dance

The combination of movement and singing performed in rhythm.

Religious Dances

Ceremonial or ritual dances designed as hymns of praise to a god or to bring good fortune, which are distinct from general folk dances.

Ritual Dance

An ethnic dance that connects the material world to the spiritual, such as the Pagdidiwata in Palawan.

Life-cycle Dance

Dances celebrating stages of life like birth, baptism, courtship, wedding, and demise, such as the Salip in Apayao.

Occupational Dance

Dances that transform livelihood activities and defense into celebratory performances, such as the Mananagat in Cebu.

Saludo

A traditional bow used to begin and end most Philippine folk dances.

Banga Dance

A modern performance by the Kalinga people where maidens balance seven or eight heavy clay pots on their heads to the beat of the gangsa.

Gangsa

A flat gong used by an ensemble of musicians as musical accompaniment for the Banga dance.

Pandanggo sa Ilaw

A traditional dance from Lubang Island, Mindoro, where dancers balance three oil lamps located on the head and both hands.

Tinghoy

The specific term for the oil lamps used in the Pandanggo sa Ilaw dance.

Col. Antonio R. Buenaventura

A National Artist for Melody from Bulacan who created the music for the Pandanggo sa Ilaw in the early $1930s$.

Tinikling

A popular dance from Leyte that imitates the movements of tikling birds as they walk through grass stalks using bamboo poles.

Itik-itik

A traditional Filipino dance from Surigao where participants imitate duck motions such as wading and flying.

Konang

A maiden-dancer from Surigao del Norte who, according to legend, invented the Itik-itik dance by improvising movements from a duck.

Singkil

A regal Muslim dance from Lanao del Sur involving bamboo poles and fans, based on the legend of Princess Gandingan escaping an earthquake.

Diwatas

Spirits in the Singkil legend who teased Princess Gandingan by triggering an earthquake in the woods.

Closed Position (Ballroom)

Also known as Waltz Position, where partners face each other, the man holds the woman's right hand in his left, and his right hand is below her left shoulder blade.

Varsovienne Position

Known as Skating or Cuddle position, where the lady is at the man’s right side, both facing the same direction, with the man's arm across her back.

Butterfly Position

A position where partners face each other with arms held at shoulder height and palms facing each other.

Promenade Position

A position where the man's right hip and lady's left hip are near contact, and the opposite sides of the body open out to form a V shape.

Cha-Cha

A Cuban dance that developed from the Mambo in the mid-$1950s$, known for its easy-to-learn rhythm.

Tango

A Spanish staccato dance originally known as baile con corte (dance with a halt), performed in $4/4$ time.

Tango Draw

A characteristic movement where the ball of the foot is slowly drawn across the floor to the supporting foot without a change of weight.

Corte

A Tango movement consisting of a stop and a change of direction, either forward or backward.

Waltz

A progressive dance in $3/4$ time originating from the German word Wolzen, characterized by erect posture and rise-and-fall movements.

Contemporary Dance

A style from the mid-$20th$ century combining ballet's controlled footwork with modern's torso emphasis and elements like floorwork and improvisation.

Alice Reyes

A National Artist for Dance known as the Mother of Contemporary Dance in the Philippines.

Liza Macuja-Elizalde

A prima ballerina who founded Ballet Manila in $1995$ and utilizes the Russian Vaganova technique.

Jazz Dance

A fusion of traditional ballet, US popular culture, and African and Celtic dance influences, often characterized by flashy movements.

Jazz Square

A fundamental jazz move consisting of stepping forward, crossing the other foot over, stepping back, and bringing feet side by side.

Isolations (Jazz)

A necessary skill for jazz dancers involving the ability to move separate body parts, such as the chest or hips, independently.

Jazz Walk

An improvisational jazz step characterized by individual expression and unique style for every dancer.