Ch 2: Urine Specimen Types, Collection, and Preservation

A series of vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes about urine specimen collection, preservation, and analysis.

Routine Urinalysis

A test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine.

First Morning Specimen

Urine collected immediately after waking, typically the most concentrated.

Random Specimen

Urine collected at any time without specific preparation or timing.

Timed Specimen

Urine collected over a specific time period, usually 24 hours.

Clean Catch

A urine collection technique aimed at preventing contamination by collecting midstream urine.

Catheterized Specimen

A urine sample obtained by inserting a sterile catheter into the bladder.

Suprapubic Aspiration

A method of urine collection involving puncturing the bladder through the abdominal wall.

Reasons for Rejecting Urine Specimen

Includes unlabeled containers, inappropriate collection techniques, and contamination.

Changes in Unpreserved Urine

Alterations in urine composition due to factors like bacterial growth and solute changes.

Urine Preservatives

Substances used to maintain urine specimen integrity during delays before analysis.

Urinalysis Components

Three parts: physical, chemical, and microscopic evaluations of urine.

Proper Collection Importance

Ensures specimen integrity and accurate testing results.

Volume Requirements for Routine Urinalysis

Typically requires 10-15 mL of urine for testing.

Physiologic Range for Urine Specific Gravity

Normal values range from 1.002 to 1.035.

Physiologic Range for Urine pH

Normal values range from 4.0 to 8.0.

Creatinine Concentration Comparison

Urine creatinine levels are generally 50 times higher than those in plasma.