Physics

SI base unit of length = ___.

m

SI base unit of mass = ___.

kg

SI base unit of time = ___.

s

SI base unit of electric current = ___.

A

SI base unit of temperature = ___.

K

SI unit of force = ___.

N

1 N = 1 kg·m·s⁻___.

2

SI unit of energy/work = ___.

J

1 J = 1 N·___.

m

SI unit of power = ___.

W

1 W = 1 J·s⁻___.

1

SI unit of pressure = ___.

Pa

1 Pa = 1 N·m⁻___.

2

kilo- = 10^___.

3

centi- = 10^___.

-2

milli- = 10^___.

-3

micro- = 10^___.

-6

nano- = 10^___.

-9

A scalar has magnitude only; a vector has magnitude and ___.

direction

Displacement is a ___ quantity.

vector

Distance is a ___ quantity.

scalar

Velocity is a ___ quantity.

vector

Speed is a ___ quantity.

scalar

Acceleration is a ___ quantity.

vector

Force is a ___ quantity.

vector

For perpendicular components x and y, resultant magnitude = ___.

√(x²+y²)

For vector F at angle θ from +x, Fₓ = ___.

F cosθ

For vector F at angle θ from +x, Fᵧ = ___.

F sinθ

Average speed = total distance / total ___.

time

Average velocity = displacement / elapsed ___.

time

Acceleration a = Δv / Δ___.

t

Slope of a position–time graph = ___.

velocity

Slope of a velocity–time graph = ___.

acceleration

Area under a velocity–time graph = ___.

displacement

Uniform motion: x = x₀ + ___.

vt

Constant acceleration: v = u + ___.

at

Constant acceleration: s = ut + ½___.

at²

Constant acceleration: v² = u² + ___.

2as

Constant acceleration: s = (u+v)t / ___.

2

Use v²=u²+2as when ___ is absent.

time

Free-fall acceleration near Earth ≈ ___ m/s².

9.8

At the top of a vertical throw, velocity = ___.

0

At the top of a vertical throw, acceleration = ___.

g downward

A horizontal velocity component remains constant if air resistance is ___.

neglected

Angular velocity ω = Δθ / Δ___.

t

v = ___r.

ω

Centripetal acceleration a_c = v² / ___.

r

Also a_c = ___²r.

ω

Centripetal acceleration points toward the ___.

center

Centripetal force F_c = mv² / ___.

r

Period T = time for one complete ___.

revolution / cycle

Frequency f = 1 / ___.

T

Angular frequency ω = 2π___.

f

Simple harmonic motion obeys a = −ω²___.

x

In SHM, speed is maximum at ___.

equilibrium

In SHM, acceleration magnitude is maximum at maximum ___.

displacement

In ideal SHM, kinetic energy is maximum at ___.

equilibrium

In ideal SHM, potential energy is maximum at maximum ___.

displacement

Newton I: zero net force → constant ___.

velocity

Newton II: F_net = ___.

ma

Newton III forces are equal, opposite, and act on ___ objects.

different

Weight W = ___.

mg

Mass measures inertia; weight is a ___.

force

Normal force acts ___ to a contact surface.

perpendicular

Hooke's law: F = −___.

kx

Spring constant k units = ___.

N/m

Maximum static friction f_s,max = μ_s___.

N

Kinetic friction f_k = μ_k___.

N

Friction acts opposite relative or impending ___.

motion

On a frictionless incline, component of weight down slope = mg___.

sinθ

Normal component on incline = mg___.

cosθ

For a frictionless incline, a = g___.

sinθ

In equilibrium, net force = ___.

0

Terminal velocity occurs when drag balances ___.

weight

Linear momentum p = ___.

mv

Momentum units = kg·m·s⁻___.

1

Impulse J = FΔt = Δ___.

p

Area under a force–time graph = ___.

impulse

Total momentum is conserved when net external impulse = ___.

0

In a perfectly inelastic collision, objects stick ___.

together

Momentum is conserved in both elastic and inelastic isolated ___.

collisions

Kinetic energy is conserved only in an ___ collision.

elastic

Torque magnitude τ = rF___.

sinθ

Torque is maximum when force is ___ to lever arm.

perpendicular

Rotational equilibrium requires Στ = ___.

0

A longer lever arm gives ___ torque for the same force.

greater

Angular momentum is conserved when net external torque = ___.

0

Work W = Fd cos___.

θ

If force is perpendicular to displacement, work = ___.

0

Kinetic energy K = ½mv___.

²

Work–energy theorem: W_net = Δ___.

K

Near Earth, gravitational potential energy U = ___.

mgh

Spring potential energy U = ½kx___.

²

Mechanical energy = kinetic + ___.

potential

Mechanical energy is conserved when only ___ forces do work.

conservative

Friction usually converts mechanical energy into ___ energy.

thermal

Power P = W / ___.

t

For force parallel to motion, P = ___.

Fv

Doubling speed quadruples translational kinetic ___.

energy

Density ρ = m / ___.

V