Week 1: Selecting the Appropriate Research Design and Addressing Ethical Considerations in Research

What are the four key values of ethical research conduct according to the NHMRC National Statement?

Merit and integrity, justice, beneficence, and respect.

What is the principle of beneficence in research ethics?

Minimising harm and balancing risks of harm against potential benefits.

What does the ethical principle of justice in research entail?

Ensuring fair and equitable distribution of benefits and burdens among participants.

What is the focus of qualitative research?

Understanding in-depth, subjective experiences of participants.

What are the key characteristics of quantitative experimental designs?

Used to test cause-effect relationships, involving manipulation of independent variables.

What is the purpose of systematic literature reviews (SLRs)?

To critically analyze and synthesize past research on a topic.

What are vulnerable populations in research?

Groups with diminished ability to safeguard their own interests, often due to social disadvantage, stigma, or cultural barriers.

What should researchers consider when working with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples?

Cultural continuity, respect, equity, and reciprocity.

What is the purpose of a mixed-methods research design?

To combine elements of both qualitative and quantitative research for a comprehensive understanding.

When would a researcher choose non-experimental research over experimental research?

When manipulation of independent variables is not possible or when studying non-causal relationships.

What principle suggests that researchers must empower participants to make informed decisions?

Respect.

What is the aim of meta-analysis in research?

To statistically aggregate results from previous studies to calculate the average effect size.

What should researchers do to mitigate risks to participants in a study?

Justify risks, inform participants about them, and ensure risks do not outweigh benefits.

In qualitative research, what is narrative inquiry?

A method that analyses storytelling processes and meanings individuals ascribe to their life experiences.

How can researchers address inequities when working with CALD populations?

By conducting research aimed at addressing social or health inequities experienced by these groups.