THE ACTIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISM IN CELLS: SODIUM & POTASSIUM PUMP AND BULK/VESICULAR TRANSPORT

active transport

cross a cell membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration—in the direction against some gradient or other obstructing factor (often a concentration gradient).

active transport

Requires the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein, using energy supplied by ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate to affect the transport.

adenosine triphosphate

active transport requires the assistance of a type of protein called a carrier protein, using energy supplied by ATP or a_________ t_____________ to affect the transport.

active transport

is important because some molecules are transported this way such as Sodium, Potassium, Hydrogen, Amino acids, and glucose

bulk/vesicular transport

Most molecules, including proteins, are too large to pass directly through membranes. Instead, large molecules are loaded into small membrane-wrapped containers called vesicles.

vesicles

v________are constantly forming - especially at the plasma membrane, the Endoplasmic Reticulum, and the Golgi. Once formed, the deliver their contents to destinations within or outside of the cell.

vesicular transport

v_________ t_________ is the predominant mechanism for exchange of proteins and lipids between membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells.

endocytosis, exocytosis

types of vesicle transport, e___________, e___________

endocytosis

is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane.

phagocytosis and pinocytosis

endocytosis has two kinds which are p_______________ and p____________

phagocytosis

or cellular eating - occurs when the dissolved materials enter the cell.

pinocytosis

or cellular drinking - it occurs when the plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell.

exocytosis

describes the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell.