10.2. PATHOGENICITY

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Last updated 3:12 PM on 12/22/23
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5 Terms

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Strict Pathogens - Definition

Strict pathogens always cause disease upon infecting a host, regardless of the host's immune status.

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Examples of Strict Pathogens.

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (causes tuberculosis)

  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae (causes gonorrhea)

  • Yersinia pestis (responsible for the plague)

  • Plasmodium (causes malaria)

  • Rabies virus (causes rabies)

  • Influenza virus (causes the flu)

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Opportunistic Pathogens - Definition

Opportunistic pathogens cause disease in hosts with compromised defenses but typically do not cause disease in healthy individuals.

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Examples of Opportunistic Pathogens

  • Candida albicans (yeast causing infections in immunocompromised individuals)

  • Aspergillus sp. (mold causing infections in people with weakened immune systems or lung diseases)

  • Escherichia coli (E. coli; certain strains cause infections)

  • Staphylococcus aureus (can cause infections if entering bloodstream, joints, bones, lungs, or heart; includes MRSA strains)

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Dual Nature of Some Opportunistic Pathogens

Yes, some opportunistic pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus can cause disease in both healthy individuals and those with compromised immunity, depending on the situation and strain.