The Peripheral Nervous System

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Flashcards covering the key vocabulary and concepts of the peripheral nervous system.

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19 Terms

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Peripheral Nervous System

Comprised of all parts of the nervous system except for the brain and the spinal cord; communication between the central nervous system and the rest of the body

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Central Nervous System (CNS)

Brain and spinal cord; integrative and control centers

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Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves; communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body

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Sensory (afferent) division

Somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers; conducts impulses from receptors to the CNS

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Motor (efferent) division

Motor nerve fibers; conducts impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands)

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Sympathetic division

Mobilizes body systems during activity ("fight or flight")

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Parasympathetic division

Conserves energy; promotes "housekeeping" functions during rest

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Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Visceral motor (involuntary); conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glands

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Somatic nervous system

Somatic motor (voluntary); conducts impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles

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Epineurium, Perineurium, Endoneurium

Protective wrappings around neuron axons, with blood supplies

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Spinal Nerves

31 pairs that exit the central nervous system via nerve roots between vertebrae

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Nerve Roots

Transition from the spinal cord (central nervous system) to the peripheral nervous systems' spinal nerves

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31 pairs of peripheral spinal nerves

Organized into neural plexuses in the cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral regions

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Cervical Plexus

Cervical spinal nerves 1-4

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Brachial Plexus

Cervical spinal nerves 5-8 and the 1st thoracic nerve, to the arm

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Lumbar Plexus

The 12th thoracic nerve, and lumbar nerves 1-4

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Sacral Plexus

Lumbar nerves 4 and 5, as well as all of the sacral nerves

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Nerves of the Cervical and Brachial Plexuses

Phrenic, Axillary, Median, Radial, and Ulnar Nerves

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Nerves of the Lumbar and Sacral Plexuses

Femoral, Obturator, Common Fibular, Sciatic, and Tibial Nerves