Voting rights/behavior

Who were initially allowed to vote in the early United States according to the Framers?

Only white male property owners were allowed to vote.

What significant change did the 15th Amendment achieve in 1870?

It allowed all males to vote regardless of race or color.

What did the 19th Amendment accomplish in 1920?

It granted women the right to vote.

What is the key provision of the 23rd Amendment passed in 1961?

It added voters of the District of Columbia to the presidential electorate.

What is the minimum voting age as established by the 26th Amendment in 1971?

No state can set a minimum age for voting at more than 18 years.

What were the two main restrictive voting methods used in the South to oppress African American voters?

Literacy tests and poll taxes.

What was the purpose of the Grandfather Clause?

It allowed individuals to vote if their grandfather could vote, effectively excluding newly enfranchised African Americans.

What was determined in the Supreme Court case Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections regarding poll taxes?

The court found no reasonable relationship between voting and the payment of a tax, rendering poll taxes unconstitutional.

What are the universal voting requirements mentioned in the notes?

Citizenship, residence, and age.

What does gerrymandering do to election processes?

It manipulates district boundaries to diminish the voting power of minority voters.

What are 'Cannot-Voters'?

Individuals who are not legally allowed to vote or cannot vote due to various circumstances.

Which demographic is likely to vote at higher rates?

Individuals with higher income, education, and occupational status.

What is the relationship between income levels and political party affiliation?

Lower income voters are more likely to be Democrats, while higher income voters tend to be Republicans.

How does education correlate with political engagement?

Higher levels of education correlate with greater political engagement and liberal views.

What sociological factor influences voting based on gender?

Issues such as abortion can significantly impact how women vote.

Why is an uninformed voter considered more dangerous to democracy than a nonvoter?

An uninformed voter casts votes based on ignorance, while a nonvoter at least has some awareness of political issues.