Anatomy - MOINA of the Sole and Dorsum of the Foot

origin of abductor hallucis

medial tuberosity of calcaneum and flexor retinaculum

insertion of abductor hallucis

base of proximal phalanx of big toe

innervation of abductor hallucis

medial plantar nerve

action of abductor hallucis

• flexes and abducts big toe

• braces medial longitudinal arch

origin of flexor digitorum brevis

medial tubercle of calcaneum

insertion of flexor digitorum brevis

• 4 tendons to 4 lateral toes: inserted into borders of middle phalanx

• tendons perforated by those of flexor digitorum longus

innervation of flexor digitorum brevis

medial plantar nerve

action of flexor digitorum brevis

• flexes lateral 4 toes

• braces medial and lateral longitudinal arches

origin of abductor digiti minimi (foot muscle)

medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneum

insertion of abductor digiti minimi (foot muscle)

base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe

innervation of abductor digiti minimi (foot muscle)

lateral plantar nerve

action of abductor digiti minimi (foot muscle)

• flexes and abducts 5th toe

• braces lateral longitudinal arch

origin of quadratus plantae

medial and lateral sides of calcaneum

insertion of quadratus plantae

tendon of flexor digitorum longus

innervation of quadratus plantae

lateral plantar nerve

action of quadratus plantae

assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral 4 toes

origin of (foot) lumbricals (4)

tendons of flexor digitorum longus

insertion of (foot) lumbricals (4)

• dorsal extensor expansion

• bases of proximal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

innervation of (foot) lumbricals (4)

• first lumbrical: medial plantar nerve

• remainder: lateral plantar nerve

action of (foot) lumbricals (4)

extends toes at interphalangeal joints

origin of flexor digitorum longus tendon

posterior surface of shaft of tibia

insertion of flexor digitorum longus tendon

bases of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

innervation of flexor digitorum longus tendon

tibial nerve

action of flexor digitorum longus tendon

• flexes distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

• plantar flexes foot at ankle joint

• supports medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot

origin of flexor hallucis longus tendon

posterior surface of shaft of fibula

insertion of flexor hallucis longus tendon

base of distal phalanx of big toe

innervation of flexor hallucis longus tendon

tibial nerve

action of flexor hallucis longus tendon

• flexes distal phalanx of big toe

• plantar flexes foot at ankle joint

• supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

origin of flexor hallucis brevis

cuboid, lateral cuneiform, tibialis posterior insertion

insertion of flexor hallucis brevis

• medial tendon: into medial side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

• lateral tendon: into lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

innervation of flexor hallucis brevis

medial plantar nerve

action of flexor hallucis brevis

• flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe

• supports medial longitudinal arch

origin of adductor hallucis

• oblique head: bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal bones

• transverse head: from plantar ligaments

insertion of adductor hallucis

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe

innervation of adductor hallucis

deep branch lateral plantar nerve

action of adductor hallucis

• flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of big toe

• holds together metatarsal bones

origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis

base of 5th metatarsal bone

insertion of flexor digiti minimi brevis

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of little toe

innervation of flexor digiti minimi brevis

lateral plantar nerve

action of flexor digiti minimi brevis

flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of little toe

origin of (foot) dorsal interossei (4)

adjacent sides of metatarsal bones

insertion of (foot) dorsal interossei (4)

• bases of proximal phalanges first: medial side of second toe

• remainder: lateral sides of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes also dorsal extensor expansion

innervation of (foot) dorsal interossei (4)

lateral plantar nerve

origin of plantar interossei (4)

inferior surfaces of 3rd, 4th, and 5th metatarsal bones

insertion of plantar interossei (4)

medial side of bases of proximal phalanges of lateral 3 toes

innervation of (foot) interossei (8)

both: lateral plantar nerve

action of (foot) interossei (8)

• dorsal interossei (4): abduction of toes

• plantar interossei (4): adduction of toes

• action of dorsal and plantar interossei (8): flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extends interphalangeal joints

origin of extensor digitorum brevis

anterior part of upper surface of the calcaneum and from the inferior extensor retinaculum

insertion of extensor digitorum brevis

by 4 tendons into the proximal phalanx of big toe and long extensor tendons to 2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes

innervation of extensor digitorum brevis

deep peroneal nerve

action of extensor digitorum brevis

extends toes