social studies pt2

Five Themes of Geography

Location, Place, Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Regions.

Location

Describes where something is located; can be absolute (specific coordinates) or relative (in relation to other places).

Choropleth Map

A map that uses colors and shades to show how much of something a certain area possesses.

Population Pyramid

A graph that shows the age and gender distribution of a population, indicating demographic trends.

Migration

The movement of people from one place to another; influenced by push factors and pull factors.

Declaration of Independence

A document authored by Thomas Jefferson declaring the American colonies' independence from British rule.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution guaranteeing individual rights.

Reserved Powers

Powers that are not granted to the federal government and are retained by the states.

Electoral College

A group of representatives from each state who officially elect the president of the United States.

Primary Election

An election used to narrow down candidates before the general election.

Political Conservatism

The belief in limiting government intervention in the economy, lower taxes, and individual liberties.

Political Liberalism

The belief that a larger government can help solve social problems and promote equality.

Major Responsibilities of State Governments

Oversee education, transportation, and public health.

Major Responsibilities of Local Governments

Focus on community-specific needs like public safety and waste management.

Voting Rights Amendments

15th Amendment (no racial discrimination), 19th Amendment (women's suffrage), and 26th Amendment (voting age lowered to 18).

Media Bias

The reporting of news in a way that reflects a particular viewpoint rather than objective news.

Location

Describes where something is located; can be absolute (specific coordinates) or relative (in relation to other places).

Place

Refers to the physical and human characteristics of a place.

Human-Environment Interaction

Examines how humans interact with and modify their environment.

Movement

Studies the ways in which people, goods, and ideas travel from one place to another.

Regions

Areas that are defined by certain similar characteristics. These unifying or similar characteristics can be physical, human, or cultural.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution guaranteeing individual rights.

First Amendment

Guarantees and protects the rights to free speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and freedom to petition the government.

Second Amendment

Guarantees the rights to bear arms in order to maintain a well regulated militia, and the right of the people to keep and bear arms.

Fourth Amendment

Guarantees protection from unreasonable search and seizure. It requires a warrant to be issued by a judge or magistrate before law enforcement can conduct a search.

Fifth Amendment

Guarantees a number of rights relevant to criminal and civil legal proceedings. In criminal cases, the Fifth Amendment guarantees the right to a grand jury, forbids “double jeopardy,” and protects against self-incrimination.

Sixth Amendment

Guarantees the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to a lawyer, the right to an impartial jury, and the right to know who your accusers are and the nature of the charges and evidence against you.

Ninth Amendment

States that the enumeration of specific rights in the Constitution does not mean that other rights that are not specifically listed are not protected.

Tenth Amendment

Reinforces the principle of federalism, or the division of power between the federal government and the states. It states that any powers that are not specifically given to the federal government, nor withheld from the states, are reserved to those respective states, or the people at large.

President

4 years

US Senator

6 years

House of Representatives

2 years

Wisconsin Governor

4 years

State Senator

4 years

State Assembly person

2 years

Wisconsin Supreme Court Justice

10 years

Wisconsin State Assembly

99 members

Wisconsin State Senate

33 members

Federal House of Representatives

435 members

Federal Senate

100 members (2 per state)

Supreme Court Justices

9 justices

Political Ideology

A set of beliefs and ideas about the role of government and society.

Conservative Ideology

Emphasizes individual liberty, limited government, and free markets.

Liberal Ideology

Supports government intervention to promote social justice and equality.

Primary Election

An election used to narrow down candidates before the general election.

General Election

A final election where candidates from different parties compete for a political office.

Caucus

A meeting of party members to select candidates or decide on policy.

Electoral Vote

The vote cast by the Electoral College, which determines the winner of presidential elections.

Popular Vote

The total number of votes cast by individual voters in an election.