Vocab, Unit 1, Level G

Acquisitive

1. Definitions: (adj)

   1. able to get and retain ideas or information; concerned with acquiring wealth or property

2. S: greedy, avaricious, retentive

3. A: altruistic 

4. Usage: 

   1. Often used in a disapproving or formal context

5. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > ad- = "to or toward" + quærere = "to seek"

Arrogate

1. (v.) to claim or take without right

2. S: expropriate, commandeer

3. A: renounce, abdicate, abandon

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > ad- = "for" + rogare = "to ask"

Banal

1. (adj.) hackneyed, trite, commonplace

2. S: stale, insipid

3. A: fresh, novel, new

4. Etymology: 

   1. French/Germanic/English > bannan = "summon"

Belabor

1. (v.) to work on excessively; to thrash soundly 

2. S: overwork

3. Etymology: 

   1. Old French > be- = "to a great or greater degree; thoroughly +

   2. L > labor = "work"

Carping

1. (adj.) tending to find fault, especially in petty, nasty, or hairsplitting; (n.) petty, nagging criticism 

2. S: nit-picking, caviling

3. A: approving, uncritical

4. Usage: 

   1. Can be used without and with preposition

      1. Noun: carping up/about/at/of

   2. Used by a person

5. Etymology: 

   1. Old Norse > karpa = "to brag"

Coherent

1. (adj.) holding or sticking together; making a logical whole; comprehensible, meaningful 

2. S: connected, unified, consistent, cohesive

3. A: muddled, chaotic, disjointed

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > co- = "together" + haerere = "to stick"

Congeal

1. (v.) to change from liquid to solid, thicken; to make inflexible or rigid

2. S: harden, jell, solidify

3. A: liquefy

4. Usage: 

   1. Can be used in these contexts:

      1. To solidify. 

      2. To become fixed

      3. To curdle 

      4. To make rigid 

      5. To figuratively change

5. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > com- = "together" + gelare = "to freeze"

Emulate

1. (v.) to imitate with the intent of equaling or surpassing the model

2. S: copy, mimic, rival, match, measure up to

3. Usage: 

   1. She’s just a verb, just use it as a verb, simple :D

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > aemulus = "trying to equal or excel"

Encomium

1. (n.) a formal expression of praise, a lavish tribute

2. S: panegyric, eulogy

3. A: condemnation, castigation, criticism

4. Usage: 

   1. Encomnium to

5. Etymology: 

   1. Greek > en- = "in" + kōmos = "revel"

Eschew

1. (v.) to avoid, shun, keep away from

2. S: abstain from, steer clear of, forgo

3. A: embrace, adopt

4. Etymology: 

   1. Old French/ Germanic > sciuhan = "to fear"

Germane

1. adj.) relevant, appropriate, apropos, fitting

2. S: pertinent

3. A: irrelevant, extraneous, inappropriate

4. Etymology: 

   1. English, Middle English > germain = "[literally] having the same parents"

Insatiable

1. (adj.) so great or demanding as not to be satisfied

2. S: ravenous, irreconcilable

3. Etymology: 

   1. Old French, Latin > ​​in- = "not" + satis = "sufficient"

Intransigent

1. (adj.) refusing to compromise, irreconcilable

2. S:  uncompromising, unyielding, obdurate

3. A: lukewarm, half hearted, yielding

4. Usage: 

   1. Used to describe humans, not objects

5. Etymology: 

   1. Spanish, French, Latin > in- = "not" + transigere = "to settle"

Invidious

1. (adj.) offensive, hateful; tending to cause bitterness and resentment

2. S: malicious, spiteful, prejudicial, pejorative

3. A:  flattering, ameliorative

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > invidia = "envy"

Largesse

1. (n.) generosity in giving; lavish or bountiful contributions

2. S: liberality, bounty

3. A: stinginess, miserliness, niggardliness

4. Usage: 

   1. Largesse of

   2. Usually used in the context of the rich giving to the poor

5. Etymology: 

   1. Latin, Old French > largus = "large"

Reconnaissance

1. (n.) a survey made for military purposes; any kind of preliminary inspection or examination

2. S: exploration

3. Usage: 

   1. Reconnaissance of

   2. But can be used as a standalone word

4. Etymology: 

   1. French > re- = "again" + cognoscere = "to know"

Substantiate

1. (v.) to establish by evidence, prove; to give concrete or substantial form to

2. S: confirm, validate, authenticate

3. A: refute, disprove, invalidate

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > substare = "to exist"

Taciturn

1. (adj.) habitually silent or quiet, inclined to talk very little

2. S: tight-lipped, uncommunicative, laconic.

3. A:  garrulous, loquacious, prolix, verbose

4. Usage: 

   1. Used for humans…

5. Etymology: 

   1. Latin > tacere = "to be silent"

Temporize

1. (v.) to stall or act evasively in order to gain time, avoid a confrontation, or postpone a decision; to compromise

2. S: dillydally, procrastinate

3. Etymology: 

   1. Latin, French > tempus = "time"

Tenable

1. (adj.) capable of being held or defended

2. S: defensible, justifiable, maintainable

3. A: indefensible, unjustifiable

4. Etymology: 

   1. Latin, French > tenere = "to hold"

Prefixes

BI-

Two

Com-

“WITH," "TOGETHER," "IN ASSOCIATION," OR "COMPLETELY"

De-

"FROM, OFF, DOWN, AWAY"

Astr-

“STAR, CELESTIAL BODY, HEAVENS, OUTER SPACE”

Chron-

“TIME”

Cosm-

"WORLD" OR "UNIVERSE"

-cap-

"TAKE" OR "SEIZE" AND "HEAD"

-cede-

“HAPPEN, YIELD, GO, MOVE AWAY, WITHDRAW”

-cred-

 “TO BELIEVE" OR "TO TRUST"