PIPE Elements Reviewer

It is an energy interaction that is not accompanied by entropy transfer.

A. energy interchange

B. work

C. heat

D. None of these

B. work

When a substance in gaseous state is below its critical temperature, it is called ___



A. vapor



B. cloud



C. moisture



D. steam

A. vapor

The fuel injection process in diesel engine starts when the piston ___



A. is at the TDC



B. leaves TDC



C. approaches TDC



D. halfway of the stroke

A. is at the TDC

The only devices where the changes in kinetic energy are significant



A. compressor



B. nozzles and diffusers



C. pumps



D. none of these

B. nozzles and diffusers

Which of the following is the refrigerant "of choice" in uniting air conditioners?



A. R-22



B. R-11



C. R-123



D. R-502

A. R-22

Two-stroke engine performs ___ to complete one cycle.



A. suction and discharge stroke



B. compression & power stroke



C. power and exhaust stroke



D. suction and exhaust stroke

D. suction and exhaust stroke

If monatomic gas is used, what will happen to the thermal efficiency of Otto cycle ?



A. increases



B. remains constant



C. decreases



D. nothing happens

C. decreases

A process with no heat transfer is known as



A. isobaric process



B. isothermal process



C. adiabatic process

\
D. isometric process

C. adiabatic process

As the air passes through the diffuser, which of the following will not be affected?



A. entropy



B. velocity



C. density



D. Mach number

B. velocity

What is the typical compression ratio of Otto cycle?



A. 6



B. 8



C. 10



D. 12

B. 8

In Ericsson cycle, the regeneration occurs during which process?



A. constant volume



B. constant pressure



C. constant temperature



D. none of these

B. constant pressure

What is the boiling point of Freon -12 at atmospheric pressure?



A. 21˚F



B. 5˚F



C. 13˚F



D. 26˚F

A. 21˚F

If the cutoff ratio decreases, what will happen to the efficiency of diesel cycle?



A. increases



B. remains constant



C. decreases

\
D. slightly decreases

C. decreases

In Stirling process the heat is added during ___



A. isobaric process



B. isothermal process



C. isentropic process



D. heat process

B. isothermal process

The enthalpy of a substance at a specified state due to its chemical composition.



A. enthalpy of reaction



B. enthalpy of combustion



C. enthalpy of formation

\
D. enthalpy of vaporization

C. enthalpy of formation

In Brayton cycle, the ___ during constant pressure process.



A. work is added



B. pressure is rejected



C. heat is transferred



D. energy is added

C. heat is transferred

By subcooling the refrigerant in refrigeration system, the specific volume at compressor suction will ___



A. increase



B. remain the same



C. decrease



D. none of these

C. decrease

Dissolve gases like ___ will make water corrosive and react with metal to form iron oxide.



A. O2 and N2



B. O2 and CO2



C. O2 and CO



D. N2 and SO2

B. O2 and CO2

What are the two most common gases employed in Stirling and Ericsson cycles?



A. Air and helium



B. Oxygen and helium



C. Hydrogen and helium



D. Nitrogen and helium

C. Hydrogen and helium

What device that violates the second law of thermodynamics?



A. perpetual motion machine of second kind



B. perpetual motion machine of third kind



C. perpetual-motion machine of the first kind



D. none of these

A. perpetual motion machine of second kind

It is also known as deaerator.



A. open heater



B. reheat heater



C. closed heater



D. regenerative heater

A. open heater

Which of the following is not a method of starting a diesel engine?



A. Manual: rope, crank and kick



B. Compressed air



C. Electric (battery)



D. Using another generator

D. Using another generator

In thermal power plant, induced draft fans are located at the ___



A. exit of furnace



B. above the stack



C. foot of the stack



D. top of the stack

C. foot of the stack

In a compression ignition engine, the detonation occurs near the ___



A. end of combustion



B. middle of combustion



C. beginning of combustion



D. middle of interaction

C. beginning of combustion

In which of the following conditions where the process of freeze drying (where ice goes directly into water vapor) takes place?



A. below the triple point of water



B. at the triple point of water



C. above the triple point of water



D. any of these

A. below the triple point of water

What do you call of the residue from the vacuum distillation in the production of lubricating oil from the crude petroleum?



A. short residue



B. long residue



C. final residue



D. topped residue

D. topped residue

In a closed feed water heater, the feed water pass through ___



A. inside the tube



B. inside the shell



C. outside the tube



D. outside the shell

A. inside the tube

Which of the following is the chemical formula for Heptane?



A. C7H16



B. C4H8



C. C2H6O



D. C8H12

A. C7H16

If Joule Thompson coefficient is equal to zero, then the process will become ___



A. isentropic



B. isenthalpic



C. isobaric



D Isothermal

B. isenthalpic

Which of the following petroleum distillate having a flashpoint not below 22.8˚C?



A. Kerosene



B. Gasoline



C. Alcohol



D. Diesel

B. Gasoline

It is a mixture of oil and water does not separate into its components, (i.e. oil and water).



A. mixture



B. emulsion



C. suspension



D. coagulation

B. emulsion

Which of the following is the process used commercially in coal liquefaction?



A. Tropsch process



B. Fischer process



C. Fischer-Tropsch process

\
D. Mixed-Tropsch process

C. Fischer-Tropsch process

The power available in the wind is proportional to the ___ of its speed.



A. cube



B. fourth power



C. square



D. all of these

A. cube

If a boiler is smoking "white smoke" a possible cause could be:



A. fuel-oil temperature too low



B. fuel-oil pressure too tow



C. too much air



D. too little air

D. too little air

In most common designs of Gas turbine, the pressure ratio ranges from ___



A. 10 to 12



B. 11 to 16



C. 12 to 18



D. 15 to 20

B. 11 to 16

Presently, the highest steam temperature allowed at the turbine inlet is about ___



A. 340˚C



B. 520˚C



C. 620˚C



D. 1020˚C

B. 520˚C

This is the reaction during which chemical energy is released in the form of heat.



A. Cosmic reaction



B. Ethnic reaction



C. Endothermic reaction



D. Exothermic reaction

D. Exothermic reaction

A type of turbine employed where steam continuously extracted for process heating.



A. Back pressure turbine



B. steam turbine



C. Gas turbine



D. Passout turbine

A. Back pressure turbine

Poppet valves of steam turbine are used for extraction pressures of ___



A. 20 to 120 psig



B. 20 to 130 psig



C. 20 to 150 psig



D. 20 to 140 psig

B. 20 to 130 psig

In psychrometric chart, the constant-enthalpy lines coincide with constant temperature lines at temperature



A. above 50 deg C



B. below 50 deg C



C. below 40 deg C



D. above 10 deg C

B. below 50 deg C

Solar energy arrives at the outside of the earth's atmosphere at an average rate of ___



A. 1.354 kW/m2



B. 2.354 kW/m2



C. 1.543 kW/m2



D. 2.543 kW/m2

A. 1.354 kW/m2

In a liquid-dominated geothermal plant, what process occurs when the saturated steam passes through the turbine?



A. Isobaric



B. Isometric



C. Polytropic



D. Isentropic

D. Isentropic

How many percent of solar energy survives absorption and reflection?



A. 40 to 70 %



B. 50 to 80 %



C. 30 to 60 %



D. 20 to 50 %

B. 50 to 80 %

Trough electric technology is relatively mature but due to the low temperatures, average annual thermal efficiencies are only:



A. 10 to 15%



B. 15 to 20 %



C. 5 to 10 %



D. 25 to 30 %

C. 5 to 10 %

What nuclear reactor that does not need a heat exchanger for generation of steam?



A. Gas cooled



B. Liquid metal cooled



C. Pressurized water



D. Boiling water

B. Liquid metal cooled

What is the primary fuel used in nuclear power plants?



A. U235



B. U238



C. Pu239



D. Pu238

A. U235

What type of boiler used for super critical pressure operation?



A. La Mont boiler



B. Once-through-circulation boiler



C. Force circulation boiler



D. Natural circulation boiler

B. Once-through-circulation boiler

What is Refrigerant R-744?



A. Butane



B. Carbon monoxide



C. Propane



D. Carbon dioxide

D. Carbon dioxide

Which of the following is NOT the cause of black smoke in diesel engine?



A. fuel valve open too long



B. carbon in exhaust pipe



C. high compression pressure



D. overload on engine

C. high compression pressure

What is a regenerator?



A. it is a counterflow heat exchanger



B. it is a mixed flow heat exchanger



C. it is a cross flow heat exchanger



D. it is a parallel flow heat exchanger

A. it is a counterflow heat exchanger

Which of the following will receive heat partly by convection and partly by radiation?



A. radiant superheater



B. desuperheater



C. convective superheater



D. pendant superheater

C. convective superheater

It is the warm water temperature minus the cold water temperature leaving the cooling tower



A. Approach



B. Cooling range



C. Terminal difference



D. LMTD

B. Cooling range

Viscosities can change with time assuming all other conditions to be constant. If viscosities decrease with time, what do you call the fluid?



A. Pseudoplastic fluid



B. Rheopectic fluid



C. Colloidal fluid



D. Thixotropic fluid

D. Thixotropic fluid

The draft pressure required to overcome the sum of the draft lost at any specified rate of flow.



A. over-all draft



B. total draft



C. available draft



D. required draft

D. required draft

A boiler horsepower is equal to how many Btu?



A. 970.3



B. 125,000



C. 33,473



D. One therm

C. 33,473

The temperature at which the water vapor content of moist air begins to condense when air is cooled at constant pressure



A. Dew Point Temperature



B. Wet Bulb Temperature



C. Dry Bulb Temperature



D. Condensing temperature

A. Dew Point Temperature

During hydrostatic test, the safety valves should be ___



A. removed



B. open



C. closed



D. partially closed

B. open

What is the grindability of standard coal?



A. 80



B. 100



C. 90



D. 110

B. 100

The process of splitting the nucleus into smaller fragments.



A. Fusion



B. Photoelectric effect



C. fission



D. Compton effect

C. fission

Carbon dioxide can be removed by ___



A. deaeration



B. evaporation



C. aeration



D. vaporization

C. aeration

The bottom blow down on a boiler is used to ___



A. remove mud drum water impurities



B. increase boiler priming



C. reduce steam pressure in the header



D. increase the boiler water level

A. remove mud drum water impurities

What is the residue left after combustion of a fossil fuel?



A. Charcoal



B. Scraper



C. Ash



D. All of the choices

C. Ash

What is the type of turbine that has specific speed below 5?



A. Impulse turbine



B. Francis turbine



C Propeller turbine



D. Deriaz turbine

B. Francis turbine

Sum of the maximum demand over the simultaneous maximum demand.



A. Use of factor



B. Demand factor



C. Capacity factor



D. Diversity factor

D. Diversity factor

When a system deviates infinitesimally form equilibrium at every instant of its state, it is undergoing



A. Isobaric process



B. Quasi-static process



C. Isometric process



D. Potential difference

B. Quasi-static process

What principle which states that "at any point in fluid at rest, the pressure is the same in all directions".



A. Bernoulli Principle



B. Pascal's Law



C. Archimedes Principle



D. Torricelli's Law

B. Pascal's Law

Photovoltaic Cell (PV Cell or Solar Cell) generates a voltage from incident light, usually in the visible region. Experience with existing PV plants less than 1 MW have capacity factors of approximately how many percent ?



A. 20 to 35 %



B. 50 to 70 %



C. 45 to 50 %



D. 10 to 20 %

B. 50 to 70 %

On dynamic similitude, the relation which represents the ratio of inertia force to pressure force is ___



A. Froude number



B. Euler number



C. Cauchy number



D. Reynolds number

A. Froude number

If two similar centrifugal pumps are connected in series, the resulting output is ___



A. flow increase, constant pressure



B. constant flow, pressure increase



C. flow decrease, constant pressure



D. constant flow, pressure decrease

C. flow decrease, constant pressure

A type of turbine used in desalination of sea water.



A. Back pressure turbine



B. Peaking turbine



C. Passout turbine



D. Reaction turbine

C. Passout turbine

The function of a pump or compressor is to



A. transfer heat from one fluid to another



B. increase the total energy content of the flow



C. extract energy from the flow



D. exchange heat to increase energy to the flow

B. increase the total energy content of the flow

If the fluid will pass through a nozzle, then its entropy will ___



A. increase



B. decrease



C. remain the same



D. become infinite

A. increase

Heat is conducted in the direction of ___



A. increasing temperature



B. decreasing temperature



C. increasing and decreasing temperature



D. constant temperature

A. increasing temperature

How do you classify a body that has an emissivity factor of 0.7?



A. Gray body



B. White body



C. Black body



D. Theoretical body

A. Gray body

The number of independent quantities needed to specify the thermodynamic state if a system in equilibrium is equal to:



A. three



B. the number of phases of the substance present in the system



C. the number of possible phases a substance can have



D. the number of possible work modes plus one

A. three

Which of the following is NOT a type of water cooled condenser in refrigeration?



A. Double Pipe



B. Shell and Coil



C. Double Shell



D. Shell and Tube

C. Double Shell

Type of refrigerant control designed to maintain pressure difference while the compressor is operating



A. thermostatic expansion valve



B. automatic expansion valve



C. capillary tube



D. using low side float flooded system

B. automatic expansion valve

The first commercial high-pass ratio engines has a bypass ratio of ___



A. 1



B. 5



C. 3



D. 7

C. 3

Which of the following is NOT a possible location of service valve?



A. suction of compressor



B. discharge of the compressor



C. outlet of liquid receiver



D. outlet of condenser

B. discharge of the compressor

It is an expanding tube connecting the outlet passage of a turbine with the tail water.



A. Draft Tube



B. Penstock



C. Forebay



D. Surge Chamber

A. Draft Tube

Only ___ of the turbine work output is required to operate the pump.



A. 0.01%



B. 0.03%



c. 0.02%



D. 0.04%

B. 0.03%

In vapor compression cycle, if the vaporizing temperature is increase, which of the following will increase? Note: use per unit mass analysis.



A. mass flow rate



B. specific volume at suction



C. COP



D. compressor work

C. COP

A rule of thumb is that, the COP improves by ___ for each deg. C the evaporating temperature is raised or the condensing temperature is lowered.



A. 2 to 4%



B. 1 to 5%



C. 6 to 7%



D. 6 to 10%

B. 1 to 5%

Which of the following turbines has a diagonal flow?



A. Impulse turbine



B. Propeller turbine



C. Francis turbine



D. Deriaz turbine

D. Deriaz turbine

The effective relative humidity of the air to be used for comfortable cooling shall be maintained at



A. 50% to 60%



B. 40% to 50%



C. 60% to 70%



D. 50% to 55%

A. 50% to 60%

Foundation bolts of specified size should be used and surrounded by a pipe sleeve with an inside diameter of at least ___



A. 3 times the diameter of the engine bolts



B. 2 times the diameter of engine bolts



C. 3 times the diameter of an anchor bolt



D. 2 times the diameter of anchor bolt

A. 3 times the diameter of the engine bolts

For the foundation of stacks, the maximum pressure on the soil is equal to the pressure due to the weight and the ___



A. Soil movement



B. Ground clay movement



C. Wind movement



D. Engine movement

C. Wind movement

Generally the higher the chimney ___



A. the smaller the stack effect



B. the greater the stack effect



C. stack effect is zero



D. stack effect approaches unity

B. the greater the stack effect

The carbon dioxide (CO2) percentage in the flue gas of an efficiently fired boiler should be approximately ___



A. 1%



B. 18%



C. 12%



D. 20%

C. 12%

What type of turbine that has a degree of reaction of 1/2?



A. Impulse turbine



B. Rarsons turbine



C. Reaction turbine



D. Deriaz turbine

B. Rarsons turbine

Tidal power is the power generated from ___



A. waves of the ocean



B. rise and fall tides



C. thermal energy of ocean water



D. raw sea water

B. rise and fall tides

What kind of fluid flow where in the fluid travels parallel to the adjacent layers and the paths of individual particles do not cross or intersect?



A. Turbulent flow



B. Laminar flow



C. Critical flow



D. Steady flow

B. Laminar flow

What is the fluidity of water at 1 centipoise?



A. 1



B. 0



C. 2



D. 3

A. 1

Turbine runner in hydroelectric power plant are usually made of:



A. Carbon steel casting



B. Aluminum



C. Iron



D. Chromium Nickel

A. Carbon steel casting

The sum of the pressure head, elevation head, and the velocity head remains constant. This is known as:



A. Torrecelli's theorem



B. Archimedes Principle



C. Bernoulli's theorem



D. Boyle's Law

Bernoulli's theorem

Superheating the refrigerant in refrigeration system without useful cooling, the refrigeration effect per



unit mass will ___



A. increase



B. remain the same



C. decrease



D. none of these

C. decrease

It is a device that transfers heat directly to electrical energy by utilizing thermionic emissions.



A. Thermionic cell



B. Thermionic generator



C. Thermionic converter



D. Thermionic motor

C. Thermionic converter

Which of the following is the freezing method that utilizes the combined effects of low temperature and high air velocity in order to produce a high rate of heat transfer from product?



A. Indirect contact freezing



B. Immersion freezing



C. Blast freezing



D. Multi-jet freezing

C. Blast freezing

The total heat of the air is a function of ___



A. WB temperature



B. DP temperature



C. DB temperature



D. WB depression

C. DB temperature

During a combustion process, how do you call the components which exist before the reaction?

A. reaction

B. reactants

C. combustion

D. product of combustion

B. reactants