India Theme 4 Revision Summary: The Road to Independence, 1942-48

Flashcards for reviewing key events and concepts related to India's road to independence from 1942 to 1948.

The Cripps Mission was sent to India in __ 1942.

March

The Quit India campaign was launched by Gandhi on __, 1942.

8 August

Wavell was appointed as Viceroy in __ 1943.

October

The Bengal Famine resulted in the death of approximately __ million people.

3-5

The Simla Conference was announced on __ 1945.

25th June

The Labour Party came to power in Britain on __ 1945.

26th July

The Cabinet Mission arrived in India in __ 1946.

March

The second Simla Conference took place in __ 1946.

May

Jinnah demanded Pakistan and stated it was 'worth the sacrifice of __ million Muslims'.

10

Mountbatten became Viceroy in __ 1947.

March

The Mountbatten Plan proposed the creation of two separate states, and .

India; Pakistan

The date of India's partition was __.

15 August 1947

Over __ million people were forced to relocate after the partition.

10

Gandhi was assassinated in __.

1948

The INC rejected the __ Conference offers to partition India.

Simla

The failure of the Cripps Mission in 1942 was a major blow to Indian __.

stability

Wavell toured India focusing on areas of __.

trouble

The British response to the Bengal Famine was seen as __ and ineffective by many Indians.

callous

Jinnah's insistence on representation for Muslims led to increased tensions during the __ Conference.

Simla

The INC had a majority in __ out of 11 provinces after the 1946 elections.

8

Jinnah’s call for Muslim Action led to mass chaos and resulted in over __ deaths.

5,000

The Labour Party, upon taking office, formed the __ Committee to handle Indian independence.

India

The May Statement from the Cabinet Mission indicated that they would proceed with __.

Option 1

The first plan for Indian Independence was regarded as __ by the INC and League.

unworkable

Mountbatten attempted to improve relations with Jinnah but was viewed as __.

Pro-INC

The Boundary Commission faced criticism for its __ and pressure from both sides.

incompetence

The outcome of partition included large-scale __.

violence

The Princely States felt __ and were largely ignored during partition discussions.

neglected

The British military presence during partition was reduced to only __ troops.

50,000

The Satyagraha was initiated by the INC as a response to the failure of the __ Mission.

Cripps

Wavell advocated for a coalition government that included both __ and Muslims.

Hindus

Nehru was appointed as Prime Minister in __ 1946.

September

The Jinnah versus Nehru dynamic significantly influenced the __ process of independence.

negotiation

The crisis of Punjab during partition was marked by __ riots between communities.

mass

Attlee's government was committed to granting India __ by June 1948.

complete independence

The British were concerned that an independent Pakistan would be __ than a united India.

vulnerable

The INC's rejection of both proposals at the second Simla Conference led to increased demands for __.

partition

Jinnah believed that negotiations with the INC were undermined by their __ behaviours.

petulant

Mountbatten's reliance on the Labour-INC axis indicated a __ policy toward Indian governance.

partial

Wavell emphasized the necessity of __ between Hindus and Muslims as Viceroy.

balance

The Cabinet Mission sought to create an __ Union in India.

All-Indian

The primary concern during independence discussions was how to manage the __ situation in India.

internal

Gandhi’s stance on violence during the Quit India campaign was notably less __ than before.

passive

The impact of the Second World War on Indian Politics was profound due to Britain's need for __ support.

Indian

The 1946 elections revealed a clear divide in voting patterns between the INC and the __ League.

Muslim

The Simla Conference aimed to address the political relationship between Hindus and __.

Muslims

Mass anti-British sentiments surged following the failed Cripps __ in 1942.

Mission

Jinnah’s leadership during the partition negotiations was marked by a desire for __ rights for Muslims.

greater

The chaotic aftermath of partition saw the newly established borders create __ displacement.

massive

Following independence, the relationship between India and Britain evolved into a more __ one.

cordial

Nehru's position following Wavell's removal illustrated the changing dynamics of power in post-war __.

India

The Bengal famine highlighted the consequences of __ management during wartime.

poor

As tensions rose in 1947, Mountbatten was under pressure to ensure a __ transfer of power.

peaceful

The refusal of INC to accept a Muslim share in governance contributed to the desire for __ by Jinnah.

Pakistan

Jinnah's vision of Pakistan was closely tied to the __ identity and rights of Muslims in India.

national

The political turmoil in India from 1942 to 1947 set the stage for the eventual __ of the subcontinent.

partition