HBS 3.1.1-3.1.3

Right Atrium

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

Left Atrium

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.

Right Ventricle

Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.

Left Ventricle

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta.

Aorta

The largest artery, distributing oxygenated blood.

Pulmonary Veins

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Pulmonary Artery

Transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

Superior Vena Cava

Brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the upper body.

Inferior Vena Cava

Brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the lower body.

Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve

Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Tricuspid Valve

Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Pulmonary Valve

Valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.

Aortic Valve

Valve between the left ventricle and aorta.

Arteries

Blood vessels with thick muscular walls to handle high pressure.

Veins

Blood vessels with thinner walls and larger lumens that contain valves.

Varicose Veins

Condition caused by weak or damaged valves leading to blood pooling.

Hypertension

Condition defined as high blood pressure.

Hypotension

Condition defined as low blood pressure.

Cardiac Output

The amount of blood the heart pumps in a minute.

Stroke Volume

The amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat.

Heart Rate

Number of beats per minute.

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)

Assessment tool that compares blood pressure in the arms and legs.

Normal ABI Range

1.0 - 1.4.

Mild PAD ABI Range

0.91 - 0.99.

Moderate PAD ABI Range

0.41 - 0.90.

Severe PAD ABI Range

≤ 0.40.

SA Node

Natural pacemaker that initiates the heartbeat.

AV Node

Delays signal to ensure proper blood flow.

Bundle of His

Transmits signals to the septum.

Purkinje Fibers

Trigger ventricular contraction.

P Wave

Represents atrial contraction on an EKG.

QRS Complex

Represents ventricular contraction on an EKG.

T Wave

Represents ventricular relaxation on an EKG.

Sinus Tachycardia

Fast heart rate.

Sinus Bradycardia

Slow heart rate.

Ventricular Tachycardia

Very fast heart rhythm.

Ventricular Fibrillation

Chaotic and life-threatening rhythm.

AED Uses

Defibrillation device required for ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia.

High Blood Pressure Causes

Increased blood volume and narrowed lumens in blood vessels.

Low Blood Pressure Causes

Blood loss, dehydration, or heart attack.

Importance of Cardiac Output

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and can indicate health status.