Flowering Plants and Photosynthesis

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to flowering plants and the process of photosynthesis.

Monocots

Plants with one cotyledon, parallel leaf venation, and flower parts typically in threes.

Dicots

Plants with two cotyledons, either pinnate or palmate leaf venation, and flower parts typically in fours or fives.

Meristems

Undifferentiated plant cells that divide to form new tissues; includes apical and intercalary types.

Epidermal Tissue

The outer protective layer of plant organs, which may include structures like the cuticle, root hairs, and stomata.

Ground Tissue

The main tissue system responsible for photosynthesis and storage; includes parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.

Vascular Tissue

Plant tissue responsible for the transport of water, nutrients, and sugars; includes xylem and phloem.

Photosynthesis Equation

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2, indicating the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

Light Reaction

The first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is converted into chemical energy, producing ATP and NADPH.

Calvin Cycle

The second stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the stroma, where CO2 is fixed and converted into glucose.

Chemiosmosis

The process by which ATP is generated in the thylakoid membrane during the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Chloroplast

The organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, containing thylakoids and stroma.

Non-cyclic Electron Pathway

The series of reactions during photosynthesis involving the transport of electrons through two photosystems.

Absorption Spectrum

The range of wavelengths absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments, indicating which light is effective for photosynthesis.

Transpiration

The process of water evaporation from the plant’s surface, primarily through stomata, influencing nutrient uptake.

RuBisCO

An enzyme involved in the Calvin cycle that catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide.