APHG 2.10 : Causes of Migration

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to migration, including definitions of terms, factors influencing migration, and case studies.

Migration

The permanent or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another.

Immigration

The movement into a location.

Emigration

The movement away (or exiting from) a location.

Push Factors

Negative circumstances, events, or conditions present in a location that causes people to move away.

Pull Factors

Positive conditions and circumstances of a location that encourage people to move to that place.

Intervening Obstacle

Barriers that hold migrants back from continuing to travel.

Intervening Opportunity

An opportunity that causes migrants to voluntarily stop traveling.

Economic Push Factors

Conditions such as job loss and low wages that drive people away from a location.

Economic Pull Factors

Conditions such as job opportunities and higher wages that attract people to a location.

Bracero Program

A treaty between the United States and Mexico to provide laborers during WWII.

Social Push Factors

Discrimination, prejudice, persecution, and racism that cause people to leave a location.

Social Pull Factors

Freedom and less discrimination or persecution that attract people to a location.

Demographic Push Factors

Factors causing migration, often related to gender imbalance or societal roles.

Demographic Pull Factors

Factors attracting migrants based on familial ties or demographic stability.

Political Push Factors

War, repressive laws, and discrimination that drive people to emigrate.

Political Pull Factors

Conditions like peace and asylum that attract migrants to safer countries.

Haitians under Duvalier

A case study of migration due to severe political repression in Haiti.

Natural Push Factors

Natural disasters and adverse environmental conditions that force people to move.

Natural Pull Factors

Desirable climate and landscape that attract people to a location.

Hurricane Katrina

A natural disaster in 2005 that displaced over one million people.

Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration

Patterns and trends about migration and migrants, including distance, steps, and demographics.

Short Distance Migration

The tendency for migration to occur over relatively short distances.

Counter-Migration

The phenomenon where every migration generates a reverse movement.

Young Adult Male Migration

The observation that young, single, adult males are more likely to migrate than females.

Women and Migration Distances

Women tend to migrate shorter distances compared to men.

Economic Factors of Migration

The primary reason driving most migration is economic conditions.