Interpersonal Communication Principles & Theories

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards generated from lecture notes covering interpersonal communication principles, theory evaluation criteria, self-concept development, perception biases, and language rules.

what is interpersonal communication?

Communication that occurs between two people within the context of their relationship and that, as it evolves, helps them to negotiate and define their relationship.

what attachment style reflect someone who is not positive with themselves but is with others?

anxious/resistant

what are 2 sources of peer influence on the development of “self”

reflected appraisal and social comparison

what the the interpersonal communication perspective?

An interpersonal communication perspective formulated by Miller & Steinberg (1975) based on making assumptions and predictions about others using cultural, sociological, and psychological level data.

I-Thou Communication

The highest form of human dialogue on Buber's communication continuum, wherein each person affirms the other as cherished and unique.

I-It Communication

A level on Buber's communication continuum in which individuals do not acknowledge the humanity of other people.

Metacommunication

Communication about communication, or talking about how you are talking, which directly affects meaning.

Cognitive Complexity

A characteristic of competent communicators involving the ability to think about situations and people from multiple points of view.

Explanatory Theory

A symbolic creation designed to explain why patterns or messages occur in the communication we observe.

Parsimony

A theory evaluation criterion assessing whether a theory is appropriately simple—as simple as it needs to be to describe, explain, and understand phenomena.

Heurism

A criterion for evaluating theories that measures the degree to which a theory provokes new ideas, insights, thinking, and research.

Direct Definition

Communication in the family that explicitly tells us who we are by labeling us and our behaviors.

Identity Scripts

Rules for living and identity formed very early in life (by age 5) through family communication.

Attachment Style Matrix

A two-dimensional model based on views of self (positive vs. negative) and views of others (positive vs. negative) that categorizes four styles: Secure, Anxious/Resistant, Dismissive, and Fearful.

Reflected Appraisal

The process whereby an individual's self-concept is influenced by how they think other people see them (also referred to as the looking glass self).

Generalized Other

The collection of rules, roles, and attitudes of an overall society that an individual internalizes.

Facework

The behaviors individuals use to project and maintain their desired public image (face) to others.

Fellowship Face Need

A positive face need that represents our desire to have others like us, accept us, and think positively of us.

Autonomy Face Need

A negative face need representing our desire to avoid being imposed upon by others.

Johari Window Model

A model describing self-disclosure and self-awareness through four quadrants: Open, Blind, Hidden, and Unknown.

Interpersonal Perception

The process by which an individual decides what people are like and assigns meaning to their actions through selection, organization, and interpretation.

Implicit Personality Theory

A pattern of associated qualities that we attribute to people to help understand them, consisting of stereotypes and halo or horn effects.

Personal Constructs

Mental yardsticks used to measure people and situations along bipolar dimensions of judgment (e.g., intelligent-unintelligent).

Prototypes

Cognitive schemata that define the clearest or most representative example of a specific category.

Self-Serving Bias

An attribution error referring to our tendency to attribute our successes to stable, internal causes while attributing our failures to unstable, external causes.

Fundamental Attribution Error

An attribution error where we overestimate internal causes of others' undesirable behaviors while underestimating external causes.

Overattribution

A perceptual bias where we single out one or two obvious characteristics of a person and attribute everything they do to those characteristics.

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

A language principle containing two main ideas: linguistic determinism (language determines how we think) and linguistic relativity (speakers of different languages view the world differently).

Regulative Rules

Language rules that regulate interaction by specifying when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain topics.

Constitutive Rules

Language rules that define what communication means by specifying how to count or interpret certain kinds of communication.

Speech Community

A group that exists when people share norms about how to use talk or language and what purposes it serves.

what are the 5 levels of maslows hierarchy from mast basic to most abstract?

physical needs, safety and protection, belonging, self esteem, self actualization

briefly describe the linear models of interpersonal communication?

info source to transmitter, noise source, receiver, destination

what are the ten principles of interpersonal communication?

1. occurs between people

2. 2.we cannot not communicate in relationships

3. 3. communication is irreversible

4. 4. involves ethical choices

5. meanings are constructed, humans use symbols

6. includes both content and relationship

7. develops and sustains relationships

8. it does not cure everything

9. governed by rules

10. can be learned and improved

what is theory?

a human construction, a symbolic eat we represent phenomena or “make sense” of the world

what are the four goals of theory?

description, evaluation, prediction &control, reform

what are 5 criteria to evaluate theory?

scope - how much does the theory describe and explain, test ability, parsimony- is it appropriately simple, utility, is it useful, huerism - does it generate thoughts?

what is attachment theory?

includes patterns of parenting that teach us who we and others are and his to approach relationships.

what attachment style reflect someone who is positive with themselves and others?

secure

what attachment style reflect someone who is not positive with themselves and others?

fearful

what attachment style reflect someone who is positive with themselves but not others?

dismissive

how does direct definitions affect your self concept?

tells us who we are by labeling us and our behaviors ex: black sheep

how does indentity scripts affect our self concept?

it includes rules for living and identity ex: waste not want not”

what is the difference between particular others and the generalized other?

generalized- the collection of rules, roles, and attitudes of an overall society and includes attitudes toward race gender and sexual orientation.

particular- specific people who are significant to us and who have influence on how we see ourselves

what is punctuation?

shapes meaning it defines beginnings and endings of interaction ps

What about hurtful messages is a social phenomenon?

feeling hurt

What are the three most common types of hurtful messages?

accusations, evaluations, and informative messages

What are the two most common hurtful message topics?

Romantic relationships and personality traits

What is the emotional continuum that hurt is located on?

between anger and guilt

What would “first impressions are lasting impressions” be an example of?

primacy effect

What are personal constructs and how do we use them?

they act as “mental yardsticks” we use to measure people and situations along bipolar dimensions of judgement ex:kind-unkind

what do all theories have?

scope and focus

What are the three parts of symbolic nature of language?

Language is arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract

What makes IPC different?

The quality of the relationship

What is a euphemism?

a mid expression that symbolizes something more blunt or harsh Ex: passed away instead of died

what are the 3 dimensions of how we can percieve messgaes?

Locus, stability, controlibility