G11 (1ST SEM MID TERM) EARTH SCI: RELIGIOUS COSMOLOGY, SOLAR THEORY AND SCIENTIFIC THEORY

Big Bang Theory

• by George Lemaitre

• started from singularity

• starts at a hot, dense point

• the universe is expanding and cooling down

Religious Cosmology

• Mormon Cosmology

• Buddhist Cosmology

• Islamic Cosmology

• Hindu Cosmology

Mormon Cosmology

• the universe was created by God

• they were already pre-existing

Buddhist Cosmology

• endless cycle ( by karma )

• samsara ( endless cycle of birth, death, rebirth)

• consists of many universes

Islamic Cosmology

• created by Allah

• universe through nothing

Hindu Cosmology

• Brahman (supreme being, source of all existence)

• believes that creation is timeless

• cyclical process of creation, preservation, and destruction.

Steady State Theory

• by fred hoyle

• universe was always expanding

• there was no beginning or end

• matter is constantly created

• density is constant

Inflation Theory

• by alan guth

• rapid expansion

• smoothing out the universe

• creating tiny variations

String Theory

• tiny string

• different vibrations, different particles

• unified theory

M Theory

• occured as a result of two hyperdimensional membrane

• eleven dimensions

• super strings

Vortex Theory

• by decartes

• solar system formed into bodies because of the whirlpool like motion

• the planets are the primary vertices

Encounter Hypothesis

• by buffon

• planets were formed by the collision of the sun with a giant comet

Tidal Theory

• by Jeans and Jeffreys

• speeding star passed near the sun and the turn off material condensed to form the planet

Nebular Hypothesis

• by Kant and Laplace

• Nebula collapse

• started with gas and dust

Solar Nebular Model

A nebula contracted and formed the sun and the sun and the planets with additional details