AP HUG - Ch. 12 The Second and Third Agricultural Revolutions

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8 Terms

1

Second Agricultural Revolution

tools and equipment were modified, methods of soil preparation, fertilization, crop care, and harvesting improved the general organization of agriculture made more efficient

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2

Enclosure Acts

a series of laws enacted by the British government that enabled landowners to purchase and enclose land for their own use that had previously been common land used by peasant farmers

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3

Crop Rotation

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

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4

Irrigation

Supplying land with water through a network of canals

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5

Third Agricultural Revolution

Rapid diffusion of new agricultural techniques between 1970's and 1980's, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers. Has caused agricultural productivity at a global scale to increase faster than population growth.

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6

Green Revolution

A shift in agricultural practices in the twentieth century that included new management techniques, mechanization, fertilization, irrigation, and improved crop varieties, and resulted in increased food output

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7

hybridization

Breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms

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8

Genetically modified organism (GMO)

A living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology.

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