Equigua exam 3 review

which of the following is not a feature common to most animals?

asexual reproduction

which of the following statements about diploblasts & triploblasts is false?

the mesoderm gives rise to the central nervous system

during embryonic development, unique cell layers develop into specific groups of tissues or organs during a stage called?

the gastrula stage

which of the following phenotypes would most likely be the result of a Hox gene mutation?

two fewer appendages than normal

which of the following is thought to be the most closely related to the common animal ancestor?

protist cells

which of the following is the earliest during which animals may have appeared?

Cryogenian Period

The time between 542-488 million years ago marks which period?

Cambrian period

until recent discoveries suggested otherwise, animals existing before the Cambrian period were believed to be:

small and soft-bodied

Plant life first appeared on land during which of the following periods?

Ordovician period

Approximately how many mass extinctions events occurred throughout the evolutionary history of animals?

5

The large central opening in the Parazoan body is called the

osculum

most sponge body plans are slight variations on a simple tube-within-a-tube design. Which of the following is a key limitation of sponge body plans?

the reliance on osmosis/diffusion requires a design that maximizes the surface area to volume ratio of the sponge

which of the following statements about insects is false?

the trachea is part of the digestive system

while collecting specimens, marine biologist finds a sessile Cnidarian. The medusas that bud from it swim by contracting a ring of muscle in their bells. To which class does this specimen belong?

Class Scyphozoa

Cnidocytes are found in

Phylum Cnidaria

A mantle and marine cavity are present in :

Phylum Mollusca

How does segmentation enhance Annelid locomotion?

Muscle contractions can be localized to specific regions of the body to coordinate movement.

curstacenas are

ecdysozoans

which of the following is not a key advantage provided by the exoskeleton of terrestrial artrhorpods?

grows with the arthropod throughout its life

Which of the following features does not distinguish humans as a member of phylum chordata?

Human embryos undergo indeterminate cleavage

the sister taxon of the Chordata is the?

Ambulacraria

Which of the following is not contained in Phylum Chordata?

Echinodermata

Which group of invertebrates is most closely related to vertebrates?

Cephalochordates

Hagfish, lampreys, sharks and tuna are all chordates that can also be classified into which group?

Craniates

Members of Chondrichthyes differ from members of Osteichthyes by having (a)?

cartilaginous skeleton

which of the following statements about the parts of an amniotic egg are false?

the amniotic cavity is filled with albumen

members of Chondrichthyes are thought to be descended from fishes that had___

a bony skeleton

A marine biologist catches a species of fish she has never seen before. Upon examination, she determines that the species has a predominantly cartilaginous skeleton and a swim bladder. If its pectoral fins are not fused with its head, to which category of fish does the specimen belong?

osteichthyes

which of the following is not true of Acanthostega?

it laid shelled eggs

frogs belong to which order?

anura

squamata includes

lizards and snakes

which of the following reptiles groups gave rise to modern birds?

archosaurs

a birds or feathered dinosaur is

archaeopteryx

which of the following feather types helps to reduce drag produced by wind resistance during flight?

contour feathers

eccrine glands produce?

sweat

which of the following human traits is not a shared characteristic of primates?

detection and processing of three-color vision