MUSIC APPRECIATION FINAL

Flashcards for reviewing music history lecture notes, focusing on vocabulary and key terms.

A cappella

Vocal music performed without instrumental accompaniment.

Flugelhorn

Similar in shape to the trumpet, but its tone is more mellow.

Tone cluster

Striking a group of adjacent keys on a piano with the fist or forearm.

Bach's musical style influences

German, Italian, and French influences.

Neoclassical composers modeled after

The Classical period, Mozart and Haydn.

Arranger of Terpsichore

Michael Praetorius

Program music

Instrumental music endowed with literary or pictorial associations.

Classical concerto

An instrumental soloist and orchestra.

Porgy and Bess

Opera composed by George Gershwin

Baroque (historical meaning)

Referring to something not naturalistic.

Duke Ellington

Composer of Black, Brown, and Beige and Sophisticated Lady

Exoticism

Drawing creative inspiration from cultures of lands foreign to the composer.

Choreographer of Slaughter on Tenth Avenue

George Balanchine

Melody added to Gregorian chant (organum)

Melodic and rhythmically independent.

Passamezzo

A stately dance in duple meter similar to the pavane.

Time period of the first large body of secular songs

12th and 13th centuries

Touring virtuoso romantic composer

Franz Liszt

Double bass in Classical Orchestra

Doubles the cello part an octave lower

Symphony

Extended composition typically in four movements

Symphonic poem

One-movement orchestral composition based on a literary or pictorial idea.

Featured instruments in second British invasion bands

Synthesizers

Most important form of classical chamber music

String quartet

Most film music composer since the 1960s

John Williams

Country music

Folk-like, guitar-based style associated with rural white Americans

Instruments of the piano trio

Piano, violin and cello

Popularizer of the blues

W.C. Handy

The Art of Fugue

A collection of compositions that displays all the resources of fugue writing

Dynamics in music

The degrees of loudness or softness in music

Texture of Renaissance music

Polyphonic

Haydn's patron family

Esterhazy

"King of ragtime"

Scott Joplin

One of the solo instrument in Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5

Flute

Central tone around which a musical composition is organized

Tonic

Pitch

The relative highness or lowness of a sound

The organ in the Middle Ages

Was primarily used in churches and monasteries.

Difference between symphonic bands and symphonic orchestras

Do not contain string sections

Subjects of French secular songs of the Middle Ages

Courtly love, Crusades, and dancing

Contents of movie soundtracks

Original scores, existing music, and songs

A jazz sound results from

Combination of improvisation, swing rhythms, and distinctive tone colors.

Usual order of movements in a classical symphony

Fast, slow, minuet (or scherzo), fast

German master who recommended DvoYák's music

Johannes Brahms

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina's

Music is considered a model of Renaissance polyphony

Treemonisha

Opera by Scott Joplin

Dissonance

Is unstable and tense

Turning the subject of a fugue upside down

Inversion

Characteristics of early baroque

Homophonic texture and the use of basso continuo.

Copland's composition teacher

Nadia Boulanger

Baroque painters used these.

Light and shadow

Saxophone

A woodwind instrument commonly used in jazz and concert bands

Modulation

The shift from one key to another within a composition

Renaissance ballett

Type of secular vocal music with a fa-la refrain

Schoenberg's third period started around:

In 1923

Accompanying melodic idea in a fugue

Countersubject

Sergei Diaghilev

Director of the Ballets Russes

Chant used as the basis for polyphony

Cantus firmus

The librettos to The Ring of the Nibelung were written by

Richard Wagner

Movements of a baroque suite differ in

Tempo, meter, and character

String bass part in Mozart's Eine Kleine Nachtmusik

Doubles the cello part an octave lower

Four properties of musical sound

Pitch, dynamics, timbre, and duration

Define p and f

P=piano=soft / f=forte=loud

Three string instruments

Violin, viola, cello

Three woodwind instruments

Flute, clarinet, oboe

Two brass instruments

Trumpet, trombone

Two percussion instruments

Snare drum, xylophone

Two giants of Baroque composition

Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel

Three Classical composers

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Ludwig Van Beethoven

Instrument for which more music was written in the Romantic Era

Piano

Two 20th Century composers

Igor Stravinsky, Aaron Copland