Concepts of Community Health Nursing

community as a client

health as a goal

nursing as a means to improve health

3 Concepts of Community Health Nursing

community

group of people living in particular geographic area

geographic boundaries and culture

2 common attributes of community

Community Health Nursing

• specialized field of nursing practice that renders care to individuals, families, and communities, focusing on health promotion, and disease prevention

• synthesis of nursing and public health practice

Public Health

• science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized efforts

• organized, legislated and tax-supported efforts

occupational health nursing

faith community nursing

correctional nursing

school health nursing

Fields of CHN

social justice

Mission of Public Health

assessment

assurance

policy development

According to the National Academy of Medicine, PH has three functions

community health services

personal healthcare

2 avenues

community health services

protect public from hazards

personal healthcare

immunization and family planning

American Public Health Association

10 Essential Public Health Services

focus, approach, underpinning

Community and Public Health Nursing 3 concepts

CPHN is developmental

CPHN is multidisciplinary

CPHN is ecology-oriented’

CPHN promotes social justice

CPHN values consumer involvement

CPHN uses prepayment mechanism

CPHN focuses on preventive care

CPHN offers comprehensive care

Community and Public Health Nursing has eight dimensions

CPHN is developmental

imbued with human rights

CPHN is multidisciplinary

health needs are varied

CPHN is ecology-oriented’

health system is community based

CPHN promotes social justice

health is a human right

CPHN values consumer involvement

clients are considered partners of health

CPHN uses prepayment mechanism

services are not entirely free

CPHN focuses on preventive care

provide healthcare to a wide range of clients; acute and chronic

CPHN offers comprehensive care

caring for individuals from womb to womb

worth and dignity

primacy of human

beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, autonomy, veracity, fidelity

6 core health principles

veracity

truthful communication

fidelity

commitment to duty

healthcare provider, health educator, program organizer/manager

3 roles of PHN

Analytical Assessment Skills

identifies determinants of health and illness

Policy Development Skills

policy issues relevant to health

Communication Skills

health literacy levels

Cultural Competency Skills

social and ecological determinants

Community Dimensions

ecological perspective

Public Health Sciences

public health and nursing science

Financial Planning

interrelationships among local and national

Leadership System

ethical standards of practice

Individual

Family

Population

Community

Levels of Clientele

RA 9173

- Philippine Nursing Law of 2002

Public Health Intervention Model

• breadth and scope of public health nursing practice

• now known as Intervention Wheel

population based

includes three level of practice

identifies and defines 17 public health interventions

Intervention Wheel

disease investigation

systems level of intervention

screening

community level of intervention

referral and follow-up

individual intervention

Surveillance

describes and monitors health events

Disease Investigation

gathers and analyzes data according to the identified problem/disease

Outreach

locates population at risk and provides information about the nature of the concern

Screening

identifies individuals with unrecognized health risks

Case Finding

locates individuals with identified risk factors

Referral and follow up

assist individuals to identify necessary health resources

Case management

self-care capabilities of an individuals

Delegated Functions

carries out direct task

Health Teaching

communicates facts or ideas

Counseling

establishes interpersonal relationship

Consultation

seeks information and generate optional solutions

Collaboration

commit to achieve a common goal

Coalition Building

promotes and develops alliances

Community Organizing

helps community to identify common problems

Advocacy

pleads someone’s cause or act

Social Marketing

utilizes commercial marketing principles

Policy Development and enforcement

places health issues on decision makers agenda

safety

priority concern of health