Early Philippine History and Spanish Colonization Flashcards

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering the Spanish expeditions, key historical figures, geography of the Philippines, and the social/administrative structures during the colonial era.

On what date did Ferdinand Magellan arrive at Limasawa Island?

$$March 16, 1521$$

What name did Ferdinand Magellan give to the island of Limasawa?

San Lazaro

Who served as the interpreter for Ferdinand Magellan during his expedition to the Philippines?

Enrique de Malacca

Who was the chronicler of the Magellan expedition?

Antonio Pigafetta

Who was the Spanish king during the time of Magellan's expedition?

King Charles V

What is the Visayan term for a blood compact, as practiced by Chief Saripada Humabon and Magellan?

kasing-kasing

What name was given to Chief Saripada Humabon upon his baptism on $April 14, 1521$?

Don Carlos

What Christian name was given to Humabon's wife after her baptism?

Doña Juana

What religious image in Cebu is believed by historians to be Magellan's gift to Doña Juana?

The Santo Niño image

What were the names of the five original ships in Magellan's fleet?

Trinidad, Santiago, Concepcion, Victoria, and San Antonio

On what date did Ferdinand Magellan die, and who steered the ship Victoria back to Spain?

He died on $April 27, 1521$ and Juan Sebastian del Cano (or Elcano) steered the ship back.

According to the transcript, what was the cause of death for Jofre Garcia de Loaysa and Juan Sebastian del Cano during the $1525$ expedition?

Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency)

Which treaty in $1529$ defined the areas of Castilian and Portuguese influence in Asia?

Treaty of Zaragoza

Which Spanish explorer arrived in Baganga Bay in $1543$ and named the islands Samar and Leyte in honor of King Philip II?

Ruy Lopez de Villalobos

Who led the expedition that started on $November 20, 1564$, and included the ship San Lucas?

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

Name the five Augustinian missionaries who accompanied the Legazpi expedition.

Andres de Urdaneta, Diego de Herrera, Martin de Rada, Andres de Aguirre, and Pedro de Gamboa

Who was the chief of Cebu when the Spanish fleet entered the port of Sugbu on $August 25, 1565$?

Tupas

On what date did Andres de Urdaneta arrive in Acapulco, sealing the eastward route to Mexico?

$$October 8, 1565$$

What is the total land area of the Philippines, and what are the individual areas for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao?

Total: $300,000\,km^2$; Luzon: $141,395\,km^2$; Visayas: $56,606\,km^2$; Mindanao: $101,100\,km^2$

During which era did the earliest humans arrive in the Philippines approximately $50,000$ years ago?

Pleistocene Era

What term refers to the inhabited and settled rivers chosen by early Filipinos for defense, transportation, and food?

Rios poblados

What was the Tagalog term for the datus who ruled a barangay or barrio?

maginoo

What were the two categories of alipin (slaves) among the Tagalogs?

alipin namamahay and alipin sa gigilid

What did the Spaniards call the list of families drawn up by parish priests for tribute collection?

padron or mapa de almas

Under Spanish rule, what was the title of the head of a municipio, and what was the minimum number of annual tributes required to form one?

Gobernadorcillo; $500$ or more tributes

Which municipal official was in charge of peace and order?

juez de policia

What title was given to the alcalde mayor beginning in $1885$ to distinguish him from military governors?

gobernador civil

What was the title of the deputy commander who assisted the captain general in the Philippines?

segundo cabo

Identify the three checks placed on the governor general to avoid abuse of power.

Archbishop of Manila, the audiencia, and the special court called juicio de residencia

Who was the first bishop of the Philippines, appointed in $1581$?

Domingo de Salazar, O.P.

What is the Spanish term for the policy of resettlement, and what were people who fled to the mountains called?

reduccion; remontados