ANSC 4406 TTU Exam 2 Review- Summer

what are the long breeding season sheep?

fine wools, hair sheep, romanov, finn sheep

what are the three classes of Anthelmintics

benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles, and macrolides

methods of deworming

drench, in feed, in water, injection

Ostertagia ostertagi

brown stomach worm

in what conditions are parasites normally more prevelant

warm, wet weather in the spring

what are the symptoms of parasitism

-loss of condition

-rough hair coat

-scours/diarrhea

-anemia

-bottle jaw

-pale mucous membranes

-death

during ET, should donors and recipients be synchronized

true

disadvantages of ET

-cost

-risk to donor

-additional labor

-keeping recipients

-super

-ovulation genetic factor

goal of ET

get more offspring from elite females

AI post-op

no stitches are needed

describe the insemination procedure

-visualize uterus

-insert AI gun through probe

-evacuate gas from abdominal cavity and remove cannulas

semen handling important

true

what should liquid nitrogen tanks have when storing semen

-canisters

-canes

-goblets

-straws

procedure for AI when semen is stored in liquid nitrogen

-temp between -346F and -320.44F-under vacuum seal

describe warm water bath to thaw frozen semen

35C for 30 seconds

procedure for AI with frozen semen

-take from nitrogen to thaw (warm water bath)

-check sample for motility and morphology

-load AI gun

equipment needed for semen handling during AI procedures

-microscope

-thaw unit

-incubator

what equipment is needed for AI?

-light source

-laparoscope

-2 sets of trocar

-probe

-AI gun-cradles

how should the surgical site be prepared?

clip away any wool or hair and sanitize with alcohol or iodine surgical scrubs

how soon should females be taken off feed and water when preping for AI surgery?

12-24 hours

what factors can affect success rate of AI?

-programming efficiency

-female health

-frozen semen quality

-AI technique precision

what is a good conception rate for artificial insemination?

70%

laparoscopic AI

semen is injected directly into the lumen of each uterine horn

transcervical AI

semen is deposited into the uterine body

vaginal AI

semen is deposited vaginally

what are the 3 types of artificial insemination?

vaginal, transcervical, and laparoscopic

who mainly does AI?

non-vets

what is one way to increase the rate of improvement

artificial insemination

what are the benefits of AI?

better genetics

what size testes are best to semen test

24-40cm

at what age are rams most fertile

1 year

what factors need to be right for a successful ram to breed?

-season

-light

-temperature

-breed-puberty

-social dominance

-age

-nutrition

-fertility

-disease

should blackface rams breed range or farm

farm

should white face rams breed range or farm

range

when is ram puberty

4-5 months

what are the normal body temperatures needed for rams to be able to breed?

104 body temp and 97 testicle temp

what are some diseases that can affect reproduction?

vibriosis, parasites, respiratory diseases, progressive pneumonia

is fertility better in june or october?

October

what are the factors when breeding ewes?

-season

-light

-temperature

-breed-puberty

-body weight

-presence of ram

-age

-flushing

-nutrition

-selection

-disease

how often should marking harnesses be changed?

every 17 days

5 methods of preg checking

-marking harness

-checking udders

-x ray

-ultrasound

-rectal abdominal palpations

what is the purpose of pregnancy testing ewes?

make sure they are bred and identify which ewes have multiple births

what are the four parts of ram care?

-keeping rams cool

-observing breeding activity

-have 1 ram for every 25 ewes

-stagger breeding if rams are breeding too many ewes

what does melatonin do?

stimulates shorter day length

when should a second dose of gonadotropins be given?

15-17 days after the first

when should gonadotropins be given?

one day after removing progesterone implants

what is the function of gonadotropins?

causing ovulation

what does estrogen do?

prepares the uterus for pregnancy

when is estrogen the highest?

just before and during estrus

where is estrogen produced?

the follicle

how can you check if a ewe is in heat?

teaser ram

what should be given at the time of CIDR pulls?

PG-600 or PMSG

how long should CIDRs be left in?

12-17 days

how long after removing progesterone should the ewe ovulate?

2-4 days

how long should MGA be fed

12-15 days

what is MGA

melengesterol acetate

what is a disadvantage of using pessary?

it can get lost and infected

describe a pessary

sponge with progesterone that goes into the vagina and goes through the walls

how long should progesterone be administed?

12-14 days

how should progesterone be administered?

is labor intensive and should be done once or twice a day for 12-14 days

what technology uses progesterone for estrus synchronization?

CIDR

what is progesterone used for?

estrus synchronization

where does progesterone come from?

Cl

what are 4 uses of hormones during reproduction?

-synchronize sheep

-increase ovulation rate

-induce puberty

-cycle during anestrous

what should nutrient input look like when lambing?

it should be aggressive

how many times should ewes lamb within 2 years

3 times

describe continuous breeding scheme

-never take bucks out

-birth year round

-low management

-more death loss

which lambing scheme produces the highest number of lambs

continuous breeding

in which seasons do you breed during a twice per year lambing scheme?

fall and spring

what is a disadvantage of lambing twice per year

early post-partum infertility

describe the once per year lambing scheme

-conventional

-lamb at the best time/when you want

-uniform age group

what are the three types of lambing schemes?

-once per year

-twice per year

-continuous

what is the length of gestation?

143-152 days, or 5 months

what is the length of estrus?

20 to 42 hours; avg. 30

what is the range of the estrous cyce?

14-20 days

whats the length of the estrous cycle?

17 days

what are the three anestrous periods?

-seasonal

-lactation

-post partum

how can coccidiosis be treated?

With corid (amprolium)

how can coccidiosis be prevented?

By feeding Decox

What can coccidiosis cause?

scours that can stimulate the rectal wall and cause prolapse due to a weakened intestinal wall

Is coccidiosis contagious?

yes

What bacteria causes Coccidiosis?

protozoa coccidia

Estrus Cycle of a goat is___ days

21 avg. but can range from 18-23

FSH is

an injectable prescription drug used to induce superovulation in reproductively

Embryos are usually collected when?

6-7 days after breeding

Larascope

Tool that helps you see through the uterus and see horns.

Trocar

Pointy part and punctures a hole in the body. Allows for fast healing.

Cannula

Tube that is left inside so you can see the horns. This stays in after you remove the trocar.