introduction

introduction

workhorses

today’s world is digital in nature, where computers are the _ of our lives.

information system

set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information and provide feedback to meet an objective

collect

input

manipulate

process

disseminate data and information

output

feedback mechanism

provide corrective action to meet objective

data

raw facts

process

set of logically related tasks

information

collection of facts organized in such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselves

knowledge

awareness and understanding of a set of information

computer-based information systems

set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information

business information systems

often integrated in one product and can be delivered by the same software package

enterprise systems or e/m-commerce

lowest level of information systems

management information and decision support systems

middle level of information systems

knowledge management and special-purpose business information systems

highest level of information systems

systems investigation

gain clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed

systems analysis

defines the problems and opportunities of the existing system

system design

determines how new system will work to meet business needs defined during systems analysis

systems implementation

acquiring various system components defined in design step, assembling them, and putting the new system into operation

systems maintenance and review

checks and modifies the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs

organization

formal collection of people and other resources established to accomplish a set of goals

system

constantly uses money, people, materials, machines, and equipment, data, information, and decisions

competitive advantage

can result in higher-quality products, better customer services, and lower costs as a result of comparison

five-forces model

competitive rivalry, threat of new entrants, threat of substitute, bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers

SWOT analysis

help organizations develop full awareness of factors involved in making business decisions; checks current landscape

strategic planning

cost leadership, differentiation / niche strategy, altering the industry structure, creating new products and services, improving existing product lines and service / customizing products and services, growth in sales, first to market, hiring the best people, innovation

return on investment

investigates additional profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in IS technology

earnings growth

increase in profit that the system brings

market share and speed to market

percentage of sales that a product or services has in relation to the total market

customer awareness and satisfaction

performance measurement is based on the feedback from users

total cost of ownership

sum of all costs over the life of the information system

organizational culture

set of major understandings and assumptions shared by a group which influences information systems

organizational change

how organizations plan for, implement, and handle change

system project management

successful means meeting all three goals (scope, time, and cost) and satisfying the project’s sponsor

project managers

planning, scheduling, coordinating, and working with people to achieve project goals; comfortable with change; understand the organizations they work in and with

important skills for project managers

people skills, leadership, integrity, ethical behavior, consistent, conflict resolution, conflict management, critical thinking, problem solving

three sphere model for systems management

business, organization, technology

core functions (project management framework)

time, scope, cost, and quality management

facilitating functions (project management framework)

human resource, communications, risk, and procurement management