2nd PEAT Part V

A physical therapist is guarding a patient who is using an assistive device to come down a flight of stairs. Which of the following is the SAFEST position for the therapist to take to avoid self-injury?

1. In front, with one foot on the step immediately below the patient

2. In front, with both feet on the step immediately below the patient

3. In back, with one foot on the same step as the patient

4. In back, with both feet on the same step as the patient

1

On the basis of the history and objective assessment of a patient with knee pain, a physical therapist suspects a ligamentous lesion. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the therapist request to confirm these findings?

1. Myelography

2. Radiography

3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

4. Computed tomography (CT) scan

3

A patient reports cervical muscle tightness and headaches originating in the back of the head. Which of the following nerves is MOST likely involved?

1. Trigeminal

2. Spinal accessory

3. Hypoglossal

4. Lesser occipital

4

A patient who had a myocardial infarction is in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Which of the following changes should cause the physical therapist to stop the exercise session?

1. An increase in systolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg

2. A decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg

3. An increase in the respiratory rate of 5 breaths/minute

4. A decrease in the heart rate of 15 bpm

4

A physical therapist is treating a patient who has Parkinson disease. The patient expresses concern about declining health and a poor prognosis. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate response for the therapist to make?

1. Offer resources on support groups.

2. Refer the patient to a psychiatrist.

3. Have the patient speak with another patient who has Parkinson disease.

4. Tell the patient that physical therapy will prevent disease progression.

1

A physical therapist can perform a quick, nonspecific functional assessment of shoulder abduction and lateral (external) rotation by instructing the patient to use the arm being tested to reach:

1. across the chest and touch the contralateral shoulder.

2. overhead and touch the superior medial border of the contralateral scapula.

3. up and touch the ipsilateral shoulder.

4. behind the back and touch the inferior angle of the contralateral scapula.

2

A physical therapist is considering using neuromuscular electrical stimulation as an alternative to static bracing for control of ankle position during gait in a client 3 months post cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following criteria improves chances of success with this treatment approach?

1. Limited spasticity in the ankle plantar flexors

2. Altered selective control of the hip/knee with volitional ankle activity

3. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes at the ankle and knee

4. Limited sensation of the lower extremity

1

A patient with a C7 spinal cord injury wants to perform transfers using the technique shown in the photograph. Which of the following resisted exercises would be MOST appropriate to accomplish this goal?

1. Scapular protraction

2. Elbow flexion

3. Shoulder internal rotation

4. Scapular elevation

1

The displayed graph shows conduction velocity testing for the median nerve. According to this graph, which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between nerve conduction velocity and elbow extension range of motion?

1. There is a positive relationship between the two variables.

2. There is no relationship between the two variables.

3. There is a negative relationship between the two variables.

4. The direction and strength of the relationship cannot be determined.

1

Which of the following is consistent with pain of musculoskeletal origin?

1. Pain decreases with rest.

2. Pain is reduced by constant pressure.

3. Pain follows a migratory pattern.

4. Pain awakens the patient at night.

1

Following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a graft from the patellar ligament, which of the following early interventions will BEST facilitate healing of the patellar ligament?

1. High-load short-arc quads

2. Prolonged immobilization with the knee fully extended

3. Deep squats

4. Active knee range of motion

4

A patient has an acute grade I sprain of the acromioclavicular joint. Which of the following activities would be MOST painful for the patient to perform?

1. Reaching behind the back to tuck in a shirt

2. Reaching across the chest and scratching the opposite shoulder with the hand

3. Opening a car door

4. Using both hands to lift a 10-lb (4.5-kg) bag of groceries from the floor to a waist-high table

2

In a patient with breast cancer, which of the following sites are the MOST common sites of metastasis?

1. Central and peripheral nervous systems

2. Liver and gastrointestinal tract

3. Lungs and bony skeleton

4. Spleen and pituitary gland

3

A physical therapist is examining a patient who reports decreased walking endurance. The therapist notes that the muscles of the L4 myotome weaken after the patient holds the muscle contraction for 4 seconds. These findings are MOST likely due to:

1. a single nerve root lesion.

2. a central nervous system lesion.

3. femoral nerve compression.

4. central spinal stenosis.

1

What is the BEST schedule of practice to ensure a patient's early success in the performance of a motor task?

1. Consistent practice using a blocked pattern

2. Consistent practice using a random pattern

3. Variable practice using a blocked pattern

4. Variable practice using a random pattern

1

A patient has completed a 2-week course of comprehensive physical therapy for treatment of constant right shoulder and scapular pain and has not had any improvement. The patient states that change in position does not alter the pain intensity. The physical therapist should NEXT ask the patient about:

1. persistent sore throat.

2. difficulty swallowing food.

3. burning with urination.

4. intolerance to fatty foods.

4

The photograph demonstrates the joint integrity test MOST likely to be positive following which type of injury mechanism?

1. Midtarsal stress

2. Dorsiflexion

3. Eversion

4. Inversion

4

A patient with C5 and C6 nerve root compression is MOST likely to have a decrease in motor function of which of the following muscles?

1. Elbow flexors

2. Scapular elevators

3. Elbow extensors

4. Finger flexors

1

Which of the following variables TYPICALLY increases during the aging process in older adults?

1. Vital capacity

2. Skin elasticity

3. Glucose tolerance

4. Resting blood pressure

4

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely occur in a patient who has decreased production of insulin?

1. Accelerated fat metabolism

2. Accelerated protein synthesis

3. Increased thirst

4. Decreased urination

3

A patient has severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bilateral knee osteoarthritis. During aquatic therapy involving slow walking, which of the following water levels is MOST appropriate for this patient?

1. Knees

2. Hips

3. Navel

4. Shoulders

3

A patient who had a lumbar fusion 5 years ago now has acute lumbar disc dysfunction. The patient usually has pain rated at 6/10, but pain ratings are occasionally increased to 9/10 with prolonged sitting and standing. The patient also reports pain during sit-to-stand and sit-to-supine transfers. Which of the following factors would have the MOST impact on the thoroughness of the tests and measures section of the examination?

1. Presence of pain with transitional movements

2. Past medical history of lumbar fusion

3. Moderate pain with static positioning

4. High irritability of the patient's acute back pain

4

A patient who recently had a right total hip arthroplasty is being instructed in stair descent. Which of the following photographs shows the correct way for the patient to descend stairs?

1. The cane and affected extremity should lead when descending steps.

2. This method is incorrect because the cane should move with the affected extremity.

3. This method is incorrect because the cane should be held in the hand opposite the affected extremity.

4. This method is incorrect because the cane should be held in hand opposite the affected extremity and move with the affected extremity.

1

Which of the following chronic hormonal responses to exercise may contribute to menstrual dysfunction?

1. High levels of cortisol, low levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

2. High levels of cortisol, high levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

3. Low levels of cortisol, low levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

4. Low levels of cortisol, high levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

1

A patient who is taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor is performing a therapeutic exercise program in a heated pool. Which of the following physiologic effects is MOST likely to occur in this scenario?

1. Cardiac arrhythmias

2. Increase in fluid retention

3. Decrease in blood pressure

4. Difficulty breathing

3