Publishing digital media

What does the Optimization of a Photoshop Project refer to?

It involves checking the image document for errors and ensuring the images meet project specifications.

What is the first step of Optimization?

Image Mode

What is the Image Mode?

It is the color space of the image.

Project specifications define the intended use of an image document.

*This ensures the colors are displayed to their fullest color capabilities within the intended use.

If the image will be displayed on the web, what mode should the color space be? How mode should it be if the image is to be printed on paper?

On the web: RGB mode

Printed: CMYK mode

What are Pixel Dimensions?

They measure the total pixels in the width and height of an image.

What is the Resolution?

It is the fineness of detail in a bitmap image and is measured in pixels per inch (ppi).

The more pixels per inch there are, the greater the resolution will be.

***Generally, an image with a higher resolution produces a better printed image quality.

What are Constrain Proportions?

The chain-link icon between Height and Width.

What is Resample Image?

Adjusts the amount of image data as you change either the print dimensions or resolution.

If you don't want to change the amount of image data in your photo, deselect Resample Image.

What does Photoshop use to resample images?

Interpolation- New pixels are assigned color values based on the values of surrounding pixels. You can choose which interpolation method to use in the Image Size dialog box.

Interpolation Method: Nearest Neighbor

A fast (but less accurate) method ideal for illustrations with edges that are not anti-aliased. It produces a smaller file but can produce jagged effects that become apparent when you scale an image.

Interpolation Method: Bilinear

A method that adds new pixels by averaging the color values of surrounding pixels. It produces medium-quality results.

Interpolation Method: Bicubic

A slower (but more accurate) method based on the values of surrounding pixels. Using complex calculations, Bicubic produces smoother tonal gradations than Nearest Neighbor or Bilinear.

Interpolation Method: Bicubic Smoother

The best method for enlarging images based on Bicubic interpolation but is designed to produce smoother results.

Interpolation Method: Bicubic Sharper

The best method for reducing the size of an image based on Bicubic interpolation with enhanced sharpening. This method maintains the detail in a resampled image.

If Bicubic Sharper oversharpens some areas of an image, try using Bicubic.

What is Metadata?

Information about a file, such as author name, description, keywords, copyright, etc. You can add or change the metadata for a file from the File Info panel. To access the Metadata of a file, do the following:

What is the native file format for Adobe Photoshop?

.psd (Photoshop Document)

*It is the most common professional editing format

What can a Photoshop Document include?

It can include image layers, adjustment layers, layer masks, annotation notes, file information, keywords, and other Photoshop elements. Unless layers have been flattened, this format is nondestructive, meaning it can be edited.

What is Save "As a Copy"?

Saves a copy of the file while keeping the current file open on your desktop.

What is Save as "Alpha Channels"?

Saves alpha channel information with the image. Disabling this option removes the alpha channels from the saved image.

What is Save as "Layers"?

Preserves all layers in the image. If this option is disabled or unavailable, all visible layers are flattened or merged (depending on the selected format).

What is Save as "Notes"?

Saves notes with the image.

What is Save as "Spot Colors"?

Saves spot channel information with the image. Disabling this option removes spot colors from the saved image.

What is Save as "Use Proof Setup, ICC Profile (Windows), or Embed Color Profile (Mac)"?

Creates a color-managed document.

What image preview and file extension options are available only if "Ask When Saving" is selected for the Image Previews and Append File Extension (Mac) options in the File Handling Preferences dialog box?

-Thumbnail (Windows) saves thumbnail data for the file.

-Use Lower Case Extension (Windows) makes the file extension lowercase.

-Image Previews options (Mac) saves thumbnail data for the file. Thumbnails appear in the Open dialog box.

-File Extension options (Mac) specifies the format for file extensions. Select Append to add the format's extension to a filename and Use Lower Case to make the extension lowercase.

What file format is appropriate for the web and for print? What format do most digital cameras produce?

-The best formats for the web are GIF, JPG, and PNG24.

-The best formats for print are BMP and EPS.

-Many digital cameras produce DNG or RAW.

What are the types of compression for file formats (to reduce file size)?

-lossless - minimal compression; no loss

-lossy - maximum compression; pixels lost

What is Indexing?

A process by which you can reduce the file size for GIF or PNG file format by removing color from the index.

What are the formats for transparency?

GIF and PNG24

True or False: When creating a transparent image in the GIF file format, you can apply a matte color to eliminate an edge halo.

True

What is Dithering?

It lessens the appearance of random noise in your image that may occur when working with transparency by creating dots of color along the edge of the image.

The PNG-24 file format supports transparency without the need of applying a matte color or using transparency dithering.

What are the characteristics of GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)?

-Supports up to 256 colors (8-bit, or 28)

-Referred to as indexed color

-This format is best for clip art, logos, line, or solid colored graphics

-It can appear interlaced (low to high resolution) and uses a lossless format when compressed

-Pixels are fully transparent or fully opaque (cannot be faded as in PNG)

-It supports animation called animated GIFs.

What are characteristics of JPEG or JPG (Joint Photographers Expert Group)?

-Supports up to 16.8 million colors (24-bit, or 224) and is called TrueColor

-It is excellent for photographs and uses lossy format when compressed

-JPEG images can appear progressive (low to high resolution, which is similar to interlacing GIFs).

-Compressing multiple generations can lose data.

What are characteristics of PNG24 (Portable Network Graphic)?

-Also supports true color similar to JPEG, but it is lossless similar to GIF

-PNG images can be compressed more similar to JPG, but the pixels can also be faded (not simply made transparent like GIF)

-PNG was developed to replace GIF

-Unfortunately, PNG does not support animation. Most newer browsers support PNG.

What is SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics)?

-An XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics with support for interactivity and animation

-The SVG specification is an open standard developed by the World Wide Web Consortium since 1999

-SVG has not become as popular as GIF, JPG, and PNG24.

What is BMP (Bitmap)?

-Stores color data for each pixel

-BMP does not support compression and has a large file size

-BMP produces crisp, high-quality graphics and is commonly used for printed media

What is EPS (Encapsulated PostScript)?

-Stores font and vector graphic information

-It prints identical on all PostScript printers

-EPS is used for transferring files between applications. It is great for printing Business Cards.

What is DNG (Digital NeGative or Camera RAW)?

-It is an archival format developed by Adobe Systems for the raw files generated by digital cameras and is supported by most digital camera models