Receptor Mediated Effects and Endocrine System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to receptor-mediated effects in neuropsychopharmacology and the endocrine system, including types of receptors, neurotransmitter actions, and hormone functions.

Ionotropic Receptors

Ligand-gated ion channels that open immediately to allow ion flow, resulting in quick postsynaptic potentials (PSPs).

PSP

Postsynaptic Potential; the change in the membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron due to the opening of ion channels.

G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Receptors that activate G-proteins inside neurons, leading to a second messenger system which can impact gene expression and protein synthesis.

Second Messenger

Intracellular molecules that are activated by G-proteins, influencing metabolic pathways or ion channel activity.

Hormones

Chemical messengers secreted by glands into the bloodstream that influence the activity of other organs and glands.

Neurosecretory Cells

Specialized neurons that produce hormones and release them into the bloodstream, influencing endocrine functions.

Endocrine System

A system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions.

Depolarization

A decrease in membrane potential that makes the inside of a neuron less negative, often due to influx of Na+ ions.

Hyperpolarization

An increase in membrane potential making the inside of a neuron more negative, often due to efflux of K+ or influx of Ca2+ ions.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Includes the brain and spinal cord; processes information and coordinates activity throughout the body.