Chapter 5-APHUG vocabulary test

Migration

Is the pernmenant or semipermanent relocation of people from one place to another

Voluntary Migration

a movement made by choice

Push Factors

Are negative circumstances, event, or condition present where they live that compels a person to leace

Pull Factors

Its positive condition or circumstances to compel a person to leave

Immigrant

Is a person who migrates across an international border with the intention of staying permanently.

Emigrant

From the perspective of the country the migrant is leaving.

Emigrate

When people migrate from somewhere

Migration Transition Model

argues that countries in stage 2 and 3 of the demographic transition model experience rapid population growth and overcrowding

Intervening Obstacles

barriers that make reaching their desired destination more difficult

Intervening Opportunities

Migrants may also encounter opportunities en route that disrupt their original migration plan.

Distance decay

the inverse relationship between distance and connection

gravity model of migration

The model assumes that the size and distance between two cities or countries will influence the amount of interactions that include migration, travel, and economic activity.

Step migration

a process in which migrants reach their eventual destination through a series of smaller moves

Rural-urban migration

the movement of people from the countryside to the city

Counter migration

each migration flow produces a movement in the opposite direction

return migration

immigrants moving back to their former home

Forced migration

migration that is involuntary, meaning migrants have no choice but to move

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

Most intend to return to their homes once the danger has passed. If these migrants move to another part of the same country.

refugee

They cross international borders

Asylum

Is the protection granted by one country to an immigrant from another country who has a legitimate fear of harm or death if he or she returns.

Internal migration

Is used to describe movement that occurs within a country.

Transnational migration

when people move from one country to another, or internationally rather than internally

Chain Migration

explains many patterns of migration and helps migrants transition into the receiving country

Guest workers

transnational migrants who relocate to a new country to provide labor that isn't available locally.

Transhumance

the process of herders moving with their animals to different pastures during different seasons

Guest-Worker policies

Regulate the number of workers who can temporarily enter each country to work work in specific industries for a defined amount of time.

family reunification

policies that allow migrants to sponsor family members who migrate to the country

xenophobia

a strong dislike of people who practice another culture

Remittances

money sent to their family and friends in the country they left

Brain Drain

when migration out of a country is made up of many highly skilled people

Ethnic Enclaves

neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group